PAPER: Microbes in the Anthropocene: impact on...
URL: https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2016.0896
Microbes in the Anthropocene: spillover of agriculturally selected bacteria and their impact on natural ecosystems
December 2016
Bell T, Tylianakis JM 2016. Microbes in the Anthropocene: spillover of agriculturally selected bacteria and their impact on natural ecosystems. Proc Biol Sci 283(1844).
ABSTRACT
We hypothesize that intensified agriculture selects for certain taxa and genes, which then ‘spill over’ into adjacent unmodified areas and generate a halo of genetic differentiation around agricultural fields. Consequently, the spatial configuration and management intensity of different habitats combines with the dispersal ability of individual taxa to determine the extent of spillover, which can impact the functioning of adjacent unmodified habitats. When landscapes are heterogeneous and dispersal rates are high, this will select for large genomes that allow exploitation of multiple habitats, a process that may be accelerated through horizontal gene transfer. Continued expansion of agriculture will increase genotypic similarity, making microbial community functioning increasingly variable in human-dominated landscapes, potentially also impacting the consistent provisioning of ecosystem services. While the resulting economic costs have not been calculated, it is clear that dispersal dynamics of microbes should be taken into consideration to ensure that ecosystem functioning and services are maintained in agri-ecosystem mosaics.
KEYWORDS
microbial dispersal; agriculture; soil bacteria; source–sink models; ecosystem functioning; local adaptation
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