@prefix dcat: . @prefix dct: . @prefix foaf: . @prefix xsd: . a dcat:Dataset ; dct:description """#Tranche1: Project 3.2#\r \r ###Researchers are investigating how the application of kaitiakitanga (Māori guardianship) approaches contribute to reversing the decline of New Zealand’s biodiversity, and support the relationship of Māori communities with their environments.###\r \r This research responded to a 2011 report by the Waitangi Tribunal, Ko Aotearoa Tēnei – Report into Claims Concerning New Zealand Law and Policy Affecting Māori Culture and Identity. The report found the current regulatory environment excludes Māori from participating in decisions around issues of vital importance to their culture, such as flora, fauna and the wider environment.\r \r The aim was to develop a framework that provided the basis for informed and inclusive decision-making about environmental conservation.""" ; dct:identifier "dfa949df-df0f-42f4-bdcc-86aa68e22b27" ; dct:issued "2024-07-12T00:45:44.500514"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:modified "2024-08-05T03:56:41.961842"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:publisher ; dct:title "Customary Approaches to Ecosystem Resilience" ; dcat:distribution , , , , , , , , , , , , . a dcat:Distribution ; dct:description """###Reversing the decline in NZ’s biodiversity: empowering Māori within reformed conservation law.###\r \r **May 2017**\r \r **Ruru J, O'Lyver PB, Scott N, Edmunds D 2017. [Reversing the decline in New Zealand’s biodiversity: empowering Māori within reformed conservation law](https://ojs.victoria.ac.nz/pq/article/view/4657/4141). Policy Quarterly 13(2)**\r \r **ABSTRACT**\r \r Creating new conservation law that more holistically and comprehensively supports hapū and iwi leadership in conservation management should be embraced as a critical step towards reversing the decline of Aotearoa New Zealand’s biodiversity. Treaty of Waitangi settlement statutes (for example, the Te Urewera Act 2014) and new conservation policies and practices (for example, the Department of Conservation’s Conservation Management Strategy Northland 2014–2024) throughout the country are strongly recognising the need for tangata whenua to be more involved in the conservation and management of New Zealand’s biodiversity. It is timely for conservation law itself to be reformed to better reflect and support these recent advancements. Conservation law reforms should reflect and support the intent of hapū and iwi to act as kaitiaki (guardians) of New Zealand’s biological heritage.\r \r **KEYWORDS**\r \r biodiversity, conservation law reforms, Treaty of Waitangi, national parks, National Policy Statement on Indigenous Biodiversity, Conservation Act, Treaty settlements and the conservation estate, Te Urewera Act""" ; dct:issued "2024-07-12T02:22:33.553268"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:modified "2024-07-12T02:22:33.553268"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:title "PAPER: Empowering Māori in conservation law" ; dcat:accessURL . a dcat:Distribution ; dct:description """###Complementarity of indigenous and western scientific approaches for monitoring forest state###\r \r **August 2018**\r \r **Lyver PO, Richardson SJ, Gormley AM, Timoti P, Jones CJ, Tahi BL 2018. [Complementarity of indigenous and western scientific approaches for monitoring forest state](https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eap.1787). Ecological Applications 28(7): 1909-1923.**\r \r **ABSTRACT**\r \r Cross-cultural environmental monitoring systems inform on a broad suite of indicators relevant to both scientific and local communities. In this study, we used forest-plot-based survey measures developed by western scientists and a set of community-based survey indicators developed by Māori, the indigenous people of New Zealand (NZ), to compare the current state of two ecologically congruent forests (Whirinaki and Ruatāhuna), as they related to a historic Ruatāhuna forest state (Baseline; 1955-1975) in NZ. Both the plot-based and community-based field surveys indicated that the Whirinaki forest was in a better state than the Ruatāhuna forest. This was supported by a stronger mauri (concept of life essence) rating assigned by Māori elders to the Whirinaki forest compared with the Ruatāhuna forests. However, both the Ruatāhuna and Whirinaki forests were deemed to be in a significantly poorer state than the Baseline forest. A cross-cultural monitoring system provides understanding of forest state that both managers and communities can use for decision-making. Historical baselines of forest state can provide ecological targets for restoration initiatives and also identify where on the restoration continuum current forest indicators lie. The alignment of plot-based measures with community-based indicators offers possibilities for future-proofing a cross-cultural monitoring system and buffering it from intergenerational shifts in ecological baselines. The opportunity for indigenous peoples and local communities to apply their traditional ways of knowing, and interpret and act on information they understand are crucial components of cross-cultural environmental management regimes.\r \r **KEYWORDS**\r \r ecological baselines; forest indicators; indigenous peoples; monitoring; restoration""" ; dct:issued "2024-07-14T04:49:47.144487"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:modified "2024-07-14T04:49:47.144487"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:title "PAPER: Indigenous and Western forest monitoring approaches" ; dcat:accessURL . a dcat:Distribution ; dct:description """###Relational values provide common ground and expose multi-level constraints to cross-cultural wetland management###\r \r July 2021\r \r ###Bataille CY, Malinen SK, Yletyinen J, Scott N, Lyver PO 2021. [Relational values provide common ground and expose multi-level constraints to cross-cultural wetland management](https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pan3.10244). People and Nature 3(4): 941-960.###\r \r **Abstract**\r \r The unprecedented level of threat facing many of the world's natural and cultural systems calls for the collaboration of multiple interest groups to engage in aligned environmental action.\r \r \r Understanding interest groups' relational values (i.e. values in relation to an ecosystem and its people), and the constraints they experience in enacting those values, can contribute to enhance cross-cultural understanding and facilitate intergroup collaboration, leading to improved outcomes for both ecosystems and people.\r \r \r To study these assumptions, we conducted semi-structured interviews in Aotearoa New Zealand to investigate the values that tangata tiaki (Māori environmental guardians) and landowners have regarding wetland ecosystems, and constraints impeding the enactment of values in environmental action.\r Findings show that while couched within different worldviews, tangata tiaki and landowners held values with related characteristics, such as ahikāroa (long-standing occupation of and connection to place) and attachment to place, highlighting possible common ground. However, we also show that a greater weighting upon different key values by each of the groups hindered the enactment of a wider suite of values. Tangata tiaki prioritised relational (e.g. mauri, life force) over instrumental values while landowners generally prioritised instrumental values (i.e. economic benefit), creating conditions for conflict in values between groups, and hindering tangata tiaki wetland ecosystem management and use.\r \r \r Importantly, both groups' constraints occurred at multiple levels of the social system, and were reported to be associated with management practices, the complex matrix of policies and lack of capacity. Tangata tiaki value expression was further hindered by persisting power differentials between themselves and landowners, historically rooted in marginalisation of Māori rights and jurisdiction and loss of access to traditional land and resources. New Zealand's governance structures largely based on Western values also prevented Māori self-determination.\r \r \r This research suggests that investigating interest groups' relational values is beneficial to establish areas of common ground and for fostering joint efforts in ecosystem management. We suggest that constraints to environmental stewardship must be addressed at multiple levels of the social system to enable better representation of Indigenous values in environmental management.\r \r **Keywords**\r \r environmental stewardship; governance; Indigenous peoples; kaitiakitanga; mahinga kai; relational values; value plurality; wetlands""" ; dct:issued "2024-07-14T21:12:06.227632"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:modified "2024-07-14T21:12:06.227632"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:title "PAPER: Relational values reveal cross-cultural constraints" ; dcat:accessURL . a dcat:Distribution ; dct:description """###Biocultural Hysteresis Inhibits Adaptation to Environmental Change###\r \r **May 2019**\r \r **Lyver POB, Timoti P, Davis T, Tylianakis JM 2019. [Biocultural Hysteresis Inhibits Adaptation to Environmental Change](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169534719301053/pdfft?md5=7da9beba8e81ded6996b036a5663fa66&pid=1-s2.0-S0169534719301053-main.pdf). Trends Ecol Evol 34(9): 771-780.**\r \r **ABSTRACT** \r \r Indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLC) often use natural resources as both a reason and mechanism for environmental management, yet a number of environmental, social, and economic drivers disrupt this relationship. Here, we argue that these drivers can also trigger a set of feedback mechanisms that further diminish the efficacy of local management. We call this process biocultural hysteresis. These feedbacks, which include knowledge loss and a breakdown of social hierarchies, prevent IPLC from adapting their management to change. Biocultural hysteresis worsens as IPLC spend an increasing amount of time outside their social–ecological context. Therefore, we argue for adaptive policies and processes that favour protecting and enabling IPLC engagement with their environment.\r \r **KEYWORDS**\r \r biocultural hysteresis; biodiversity; cultural diversity; engagement with environment; indigenous knowledge; local knowledge; feedback mechanisms""" ; dct:issued "2024-07-12T00:47:35.826648"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:modified "2024-07-12T00:47:35.826648"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:title "PAPER: Biocultural Hysteresis Inhibits Adaptation to Environmental Change" ; dcat:accessURL . a dcat:Distribution ; dct:description """###Building biocultural approaches into Aotearoa – New Zealand’s conservation future###\r \r **November 2018**\r \r **Lyver POB, Ruru J, Scott N, Tylianakis JM, Arnold J, Malinen SK, Bataille CY, Herse MR, Jones CJ, Gormley AM, Peltzer DA, Taura Y, Timoti P, Stone C, Wilcox M & Moller H. 2019. [Building biocultural approaches into Aotearoa – New Zealand’s conservation future](https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/03036758.2018.1539405?needAccess=true). Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 49(3): 394-411.**\r \r **ABSTRACT**\r \r Indigenous peoples’ roles in conservation are important because they offer alternate perspectives and knowledge centred on the quality of the human–environment relationship. Here, we present examples of Māori cultural constructs, mechanisms, legislative warrants and customary (traditional and contemporary) interventions fundamental to the development and delivery of biocultural approaches within NZ’s future conservation system. Biocultural approaches emphasise greater decision-making for the environment at the local institutional level, and contribute towards rebuilding a ‘tuakana–teina’ relationship (a reciprocal learning relationship and responsibility shared between older and younger persons) between societies and their environments. We further posit that the matching of social scales with ecological scales within local management is necessary for the effective implementation of biocultural approaches. Failure to do so could undermine motivation, action, energies and confidence of local communities.\r \r **KEYWORDS**\r \r biocultural conservation; biodiversity; cultural diversity; Indigenous peoples; kaitiakitanga; values""" ; dct:issued "2024-07-12T00:46:53.411977"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:modified "2024-07-12T00:46:53.411977"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:title "PAPER: Building biocultural approaches into conservation future" ; dcat:accessURL . a dcat:Distribution ; dct:description """###Indigenous peoples: Conservation paradox###\r \r **July 2017**\r \r **Lyver PO, Tylianakis JM 2017. [Indigenous peoples: Conservation paradox](https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aao0780). Science 357(6347): 142-143.**\r \r **ABSTRACT**\r \r The customs and culture of indigenous peoples often reflect a deep knowledge of local biodiversity that leads to ecologically responsible behavior. As a result, conservationists advocate the engagement of indigenous peoples in environmental protection programs. However, such programs often limit the use of fauna and flora without regard for indigenous peoples. By interfering with indigenous peoples’ connection to nature, restrictive policies undermine the people who could serve as the first line of defense in conservation.\r \r **KEYWORDS**\r \r Indigenous;\r Conservation;\r Biodiversity;\r Policies""" ; dct:issued "2024-08-05T01:33:42.482395"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:modified "2024-08-05T01:33:42.482395"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:title "PAPER: Indigenous peoples: Conservation paradox" ; dcat:accessURL . a dcat:Distribution ; dct:description """###How do we restore New Zealand's biological heritage by 2050?###\r \r **September 2016**\r \r **Norton DA, Young LM, Byrom AE, Clarkson BD, Lyver POB, McGlone MS, Waipara NW 2016. [How do we restore New Zealand's biological heritage by 2050?](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.12230) Ecological Management & Restoration 17(3): 170-179.**\r \r **ABSTRACT**\r \r If we are to make meaningful and measurable progress in restoring New Zealand's biological heritage by 2050, a range of fundamental issues need to be addressed. These relate not just to restoration science but also to building ecosystem resilience in the wider socio-economic and cultural context within which restoration occurs.\r \r **KEYWORDS**\r \r biodiversity goals; community involvement; education; Māori; predator free""" ; dct:issued "2024-07-12T02:01:52.438726"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:modified "2024-07-12T02:01:52.438726"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:title "PAPER: Restoring NZ biological heritage by 2050?" ; dcat:accessURL . a dcat:Distribution ; dct:description """###Key biocultural values to guide restoration action and planning in New Zealand###\r \r **December 2015**\r \r **Lyver PO, Akins A, Phipps H, Kahui V, Towns DR, Moller H 2016. [Key biocultural values to guide restoration action and planning in New Zealand](https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/rec.12318). Restoration Ecology 24(3): 314-323.**\r \r **ABSTRACT**\r \r A pluralist and cross-cultural approach that accommodates differing values while encouraging the collaboration and social cohesion necessary for the complex task of ecological restoration is needed. We used qualitative and quantitative analyses to investigate value assigned to biocultural restoration of coastal forests in northern New Zealand by 26 interviewees from three groups (environmental managers, Māori community members, and community project leaders). Māori community members primarily emphasized the importance of Cultural Stewardship and Use in the restoration process, while placing less emphasis on Ecological Integrity. Otherwise, all participants shared common trends, culminating in three interrelated value sets: (1) Personal Engagement, (2) Connection, and (3) the generation and transfer of Knowledge & Wisdom. \r \r **KEYWORDS**\r \r cross-cultural;\r stewardship;\r restoration;\r stakeholder values;\r partnership\r """ ; dct:issued "2024-07-12T01:05:13.936157"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:modified "2024-07-12T01:05:13.936157"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:title "PAPER: Key biocultural values guide restoration" ; dcat:accessURL . a dcat:Distribution ; dct:description """###Indigenous Resource Management Plans: Transporting Non-Indigenous People into the Indigenous World###\r \r **March 2017**\r \r **Thompson-Fawcett M, Ruru J, Tipa G 2017. Indigenous Resource Management Plans: Transporting Non-Indigenous People into the Indigenous World. Planning Practice and Research 32(3): 259-273.**\r \r **ABSTRACT**\r \r The paper explores the degree to which Indigenous groups perceive that resource management plans they develop are able to help deliver outcomes they seek through formal planning systems. It does this by a case study of practice in Aotearoa New Zealand. Some Indigenous groups are concerned they are being encouraged to devote considerable effort to production of major planning documents for use in interaction with environmental agencies, yet in practice, such plans can appear to have a limited role in bringing about desired change or affecting wider planning processes. The research contributes a New Zealand dimension to this international debate.\r \r **KEYWORDS**\r \r Indigenous planning; inclusive participation; iwi management plan; collaborative relationships; New Zealand""" ; dct:issued "2024-07-12T02:06:00.737964"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:modified "2024-07-12T02:06:00.737964"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:title "PAPER: Indigenous Resource Management Plans" ; dcat:accessURL . a dcat:Distribution ; dct:description """###Key Māori values strengthen the mapping of forest ecosystems services###\r \r **October 2017**\r \r **Lyver POB, Timoti P, Gormley AM, Jones CJ, Richardson SJ, Tahi BL, Greenhalgh S 2017. [Key Māori values strengthen the mapping of forest ecosystem services](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212041617302711/pdfft?md5=bfce994f0a5f963dfb6dc57d53223edc&pid=1-s2.0-S2212041617302711-main.pdf). Ecosystem Services 27: 92-102.**\r \r **ABSTRACT**\r \r Different value-belief systems influence the importance placed upon ecosystem services (ES) and their benefits, in particular cultural ecosystem services. We mapped forest values to interview narratives across four biocultural themes deemed relevant by Tuawhenua Māori in New Zealand: (1) importance of place; (2) capacity of forest to provide; (3) connection between forest and community; and (4) future aspirations. Mauri (life force), mahinga kai (food procurement), oranga (human well-being) and te ohanga whai rawa (economic development) were the values identified most frequently across the four community-based themes. Ahikāroa (connection with place) and mahinga kai were the most frequently assigned values to Themes 1 and 2 respectively, while mauri was the value expressed most frequently in relation to Themes 3 and 4. While provisioning services contribute to the immediate well-being of indigenous peoples, cultural services associated with these activities are also vitally significant as they constitute the embodiment and growth of the culture and cannot be substituted. The comprehensive articulation of indigenous peoples’ values within an ES framework can assist with developing a common language within environmental decision-making processes and tools across cultures.\r \r **KEYWORDS**\r \r Forest; Indigenous peoples; Life force; Māori; Reciprocity; Values""" ; dct:issued "2024-07-12T02:17:21.698415"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:modified "2024-07-12T02:17:21.698415"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:title "PAPER: Key Māori values strengthen forest mapping" ; dcat:accessURL . a dcat:Distribution ; dct:description """###Predicting and Assessing Progress in the Restoration of Ecosystems###\r \r **June 2017**\r \r **Sinclair ARE, Pech RP, Fryxell JM, McCann K, Byrom AE, Savory CJ, Brashares J, Arthur AD, Catling PC, Triska MD and others 2018. [Predicting and Assessing Progress in the Restoration of Ecosystems](https://conbio.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.12390). Conservation Letters 11(2).**\r \r **ABSTRACT**\r \r Restoration of degraded landscapes has become necessary to reverse the pervasive threats from human exploitation. Restoration requires first the monitoring of progress toward any chosen goals to determine their resilience and persistence, and second to conduct in a comparable adjacent area but with less human impact the restoration of trophic structures and ecosystem processes to act as reference systems (controls) with which we compare the viability of the chosen goal. We present here the rationale and a method for predicting the trajectory of restoration and assessing its progress toward a predetermined state, the endpoint, using a restoration index. This assessment of restoration requires that we know when a predetermined endpoint has been achieved and whether the envisioned community of species and their interactions can be restored. The restoration index can use species’ presence or density, and the rate of change of ecosystem processes. The index applies to trophic levels, functional groups, successional stages, alternative states, and novel ecosystems. Also, our method allows measurement of the resilience of ecosystems to disturbance, a desired property for conservation and management. We provide global examples to illustrate these points.\r \r **KEYWORDS**\r \r Restoration index; endpoints; resilience; ecosystem restoration; trophic structure""" ; dct:issued "2024-07-12T02:13:29.856856"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:modified "2024-07-12T02:13:29.856856"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:title "PAPER: Predicting and Assessing Ecosystem Restoration Progress " ; dcat:accessURL . a dcat:Distribution ; dct:description """###A representation of a Tuawhenua worldview guides environmental conservation###\r \r **January 2017**\r \r **Timoti P, Lyver PO, Matamua R, Jones CJ, Tahi BL 2017. [A representation of a Tuawhenua worldview guides environmental conservation](https://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol22/iss4/art20/ES-2017-9768.pdf). Ecology and Society 22(4).**\r \r **ABSTRACT**\r \r Cultural expressions related to the kererū demonstrated the cultural significance of the bird to Tuawhenua that went well beyond the ecological and intrinsic value of the species. The Tuawhenua worldview representation also emphasized the human–nature relationship and the role that metaphor plays in expressing this relationship. Indigenous peoples and local community worldviews are important for establishing priorities, reconciling the human relationship with the environment, and facilitating the coproduction of knowledge in response to pressing local and global environmental conservation issues.\r \r **KEYWORDS**\r \r environmental conservation; indigenous peoples; kererū; Māori; worldview""" ; dct:issued "2024-07-12T02:10:14.402885"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:modified "2024-07-12T02:10:14.402885"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:title "PAPER: Tauwhenua worldview guides environmental conservation" ; dcat:accessURL . a dcat:Distribution ; dct:description """###Insights to the functional relationships of Māori harvest practices: Customary use of a burrowing seabird###\r \r **June 2015**\r \r **Lyver PO, Jones CJ, Belshaw N, Anderson A, Thompson R, Davis J 2015. [Insights to the functional relationships of Māori harvest practices: Customary use of a burrowing seabird](https://wildlife.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jwmg.906). Journal of Wildlife Management 79(6): 969-977.**\r \r **ABSTRACT**\r \r We used a deterministic age-structured model of a population of grey-faced petrels (Pterodroma gouldi). By harvesting pre-fledging chicks, rather than adult birds, Māori harvesters had less of an impact on population growth rates; annual population growth rate dropped below 1.0 if 2% or more of adult birds were harvested compared with threshold harvests of 25% or more of either eggs or chicks. Restrictions such as prohibition of the digging out of burrows or the use of a snaring pole to catch chicks would lead to an annual harvest of less than our estimated deterministic threshold for a sustainable harvest of 25% of chicks even if all the chicks within arm’s reach down the burrows were caught. The cultural practice of rotating harvests or resting populations was also effective; harvesting every 3 years allowed up to 75% of chicks to be taken without causing the theoretical population to decline.\r \r **KEYWORDS**\r \r customary harvest practices; grey-faced petrel; indigenous knowledge; Māori; population model; seabird""" ; dct:issued "2024-07-12T00:58:19.138942"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:modified "2024-07-12T00:58:19.138942"^^xsd:dateTime ; dct:title "PAPER: Functional relationships of Māori harvest practices" ; dcat:accessURL . a foaf:Organization ; foaf:name "Challenge Inventory" .