We all have a role to play in biodiversity conservation, especially when it comes to protecting taonga species from invasive pathogens. Whether we recognize it or not, our survival as a human species is dependent on the survival of te taiao (the environment), and we have a duty of care to retain its mana and mauri. - But how are people connecting to te taiao? - What motivates people to care or act to save our taonga species? - How can people be empowered to make a difference now and in the future, to ensure the well-being of te taiao for the coming generations? The ‘Mobilising for Action’ research investment focuses on the human dimensions of forest health management, specifically kauri dieback and myrtle rust. It will develop and support research that explores the connections between people and the ngahere (forest) specifically, and people and te taiao more generally. __Theme Co-leads:__ - Marie McEntee, University of Auckland - Mark Harvey, University of Auckland - Natasha Tassel-Matamua, Massey University (Former Co-Lead)
###E Oho! Awakening Aotearoa and Mobilising Change: Noho Marae Wānanga at Ohaki Pā### **July 2023** **Taylor L. 2023. E Oho! Awakening Aotearoa and Mobilising Change: Noho Marae Wānanga at Ohaki Pā. YouTube.** **ABSTRACT** This video is part of the project Māori Resistance and Resilience Through Aotearoa-Based Planning and Resource Management, led by Kairangahau Māori Lara Taylor (Ngāti Tahu, Te Arawa, Ngāti Pāhauwera, Ngāi Tai ki Murihiku) as part of the Whanake te Kura I Tawhiti Nui programme of the Resilience to Nature's Challenges National Science Challenge. The research is in collaboration with Papa Pounamu - the national forum for Māori planners, researchers and environmental practitioners. Together we are progressing Māori resistance and resilience through the current reforms of the resource management framework, and working to bring about a Te Tiriti-centric planning framework that works for te taiao and communities. Ngā mihinui ki a koutou - thank you to all who engaged in our E Oho! Awakening Aotearoa - Mobilising for Action wānanga at Ohaki Pā and are now sharing their experiences and learnings out across their respective spheres of influence. Mauri tū, Mauri ora!
RA2.4 VIDEO: Awakening Aotearoa and Mobilising Change
###Kānuka and whānau of the Whareponga Valley – He taonga kē te ngahere team ### **July 2021** **Dell K, Tassell-Matamua N. 2021. Kānuka and whānau of the Whareponga Valley – He taonga kē te ngahere team ArcGIS Online. ** **ABSTRACT** Kānuka is a taonga species. Endemic to Aotearoa New Zealand, this plant (also known as *Kunzea ericoides*) is part of the myrtaceae family and is commonly found along forest margins and lowland and mountain scrub. Growing up to 30 metres in height, kānuka often serve an important function in regenerating native forest, by providing shelter from wind and shade from sun for other fledging plants. Although nicknamed 'tea tree' by Captain Cook, due to the leaves being used for brewing tea, kānuka was prized by Māori for its utility well before the arrival of European settlers. This treasured species of plant continues to serve many uses for Māori communities today. Some of these uses are documented in this Storymap, which details the value and meaning kānuka has for a specific whānau Māori in the valley of Whareponga, Aotearoa New Zealand.
RA1.1 STORYMAP: Kānuka & Whareponga Valley whānau
###Rangatahi Māori – He taonga kē te ngahere team### **July 2021** **Tassell-Matamua N, Lindsay N, Apiti A, Baikalova N, Townsend J, Matamua N. 2021. Rangatahi Māori – He taonga kē te ngahere team ArcGIS Online, Centre for Indigenous Psychologies, Massey University (in collaboration with UNICEF Aotearoa). ** **ABSTRACT** Young peoples' perspectives on te taiao and the effect of myrtle rust and kauri dieback on taonga species.
###He taura here ki te taiao - Exploring synchronistic meaning in relation to Kauri Dieback and Myrtle Rust### **July 2023** **Matamua N, Moriarty TR. 2023. He taura here ki te taiao - Exploring synchronistic meaning in relation to Kauri Dieback and Myrtle Rust. Māramatanga Indigenous Psychology Seminars. 11 July 2023.** **ABSTRACT** A Māramatanga Indigenous Psychologies seminar presented by Neihana Matamua and Te Rā Moriarty titled: “He taura here ki te taiao - Exploring synchronistic meaning in relation to Kauri Dieback and Myrtle Rust.”
RA1.1 WEBINAR: He taura here ki te taiao
###Disease Narratives and Artistic Alternatives### **April 2023** **Jerram S, Diprose G, Waipara N, Harvey M, Mullen M, Craig-Smith A, McBride C. 2023. [Disease Narratives and Artistic Alternatives.](https://addletonacademicpublishers.com/files/2757/Sophie/2712/8-Jerram-et-al.pdf) Knowledge Cultures 11(1): 135-153.** **ABSTRACT** The dominant colonial scientific narrative of managing disease is one of risk, response, and control. This narrative, while shifting, continues to frame the priorities and delivery of how biosecurity is implemented in Aotearoa|New Zealand and elsewhere. In this article, we explore the narrative position of four artistic works commissioned in response to the pathogens *Phytophthora agathidicida *(kauri dieback) and *Austropuccinia psidii *(myrtle rust). While much is still unknown about these pathogens, they threaten the unique species of the indigenous forest(s) of Aotearoa|New Zealand. The commissioning research team Toi Taiao Whakatairanga sought to ‘widen public awareness’ about the two pathogens. In response, nine commissioned artists developed an alternative narrative to the conventional science-based approach to both the framing of disease and biosecurity efforts focused on eradication. We use collaborative narrative analysis with four of the nine projects to describe the practices that have produced the alternative framings in the artworks. We draw on the notion of the ‘contact zone’ to explore how these narratives as art provide a ‘truth buffer’ free from expectations for ‘facts’ that, in process, open possibilities for different kinds of knowledges and action. We suggest that the artists’ work tends to explore the wider systemic context of biosecurity rather than the pathogen-specific perspective. We postulate that alternative narratives might alter the approach to governance, management, and care relations for te taiao (the natural environment). **KEYWORDS** art; narrative; forest; disease; biosecurity; te taiao
RA1.3 PAPER: Disease Narratives and Artistic Alternatives
###Te Māra Tautāne### **February 2023** Te Māra Tautāne is a collaborative research project between hapū members of Te Māhurehure in the Rūātoki Valley, and researchers at the Centre for Indigenous Psychologies at Massey University and the University of Auckland - all based in Aotearoa New Zealand. The project team includes: Ms Teina Boasa-Dean, Ms Nessy Bryce, Mrs Huka Williams, Ms Lella Uatuku, Associate Professor Natasha Tassell-Matamua, and Dr Marie McEntee. The project team extend immense gratitude to Whaea Aporima Chapman and Ngarangi Chapman, as well as the production team at Lightshift Pictures.
###One World, Two Worldviews### **March 2024** Western science and Te ao Māori working together to advance understandings of Myrtle Rust Also see: https://www.mobilisingforaction.nz/research-ra1-1/#resources
###Saving our Myrtles### **2024** **Apanui-Kupenga F. 2024. Saving our Myrtles. YouTube, Te Amokura Productions. Toi Taiao Whakatairangi.** **YouTube Video Link: https://youtu.be/WmGNRCJcPDM** **ABSTRACT** “Saving Our Myrtles”, produced by Fiona Apanui-Kupenga and directed by Kaea Hills, on release in March 2024, is a hopeful documentary follow-up to “Mate Tipu, Mate Rākau, 2021” *. “Saving our Myrtles” begins with archival footage of building a Pā Tauremu (fish weir) on the Waiapu River and the last known harvest of Upokororo (now extinct), and then segues into a re-enactment of this event 100 years later in 2023. The Pā Tauremu, originally created by Paratene Ngata, Te Rangi Hīroa, James McDonald, Elsdon Best and Johannes Anderson in 1923, was constructed with two native myrtles – Kānuka and Mānuka, as was the 2023 re-enactment. Kaitieki Graeme Atkins posits: “They are native myrtles. Whose to say that within a 100 years, because of the introduction of myrtle rust now, they [Mānuka and Kānuka) may or may not be still with us. All that mātauranga around traditional ways of sourcing kai, growing kai is in real risk of being lost.” “Saving our Myrtles” focuses on the mahi of Te Whakapae Ururoa: Community Myrtle Rust Surveillance Project. The hau kāinga are part of the monitoring process helping to find a solution to Myrtle Rust. Te Whakapae Ururoa tracks the spread an infestation across critical sites on the East coast coastline. “Saving our Myrtles” provides an overview of the work undertaken and the building of expert knowledge and investigations – an integral part of kaitiekitanga. Of major concern to the hau kainga is the threat to taonga rakau, including Te Waha o Rerekohu (Te Araroa), the largest Pōhutukawa in Aotearoa. The disease has already been found on this taonga. “Saving our Myrtles” provides a voice to the local kaitiakitanga.
###Exploring the Role of Drama in Environmental Education: A Case Study on Child Agency and Participation on Aotea Great Barrier Island### **July 2024** **Neville H. 2024. [Exploring the Role of Drama in Environmental Education: A Case Study on Child Agency and Participation on Aotea Great Barrier Island. ](https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/2292/69287/Neville-2024-thesis.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y)Unpublished Masters thesis, University of Auckland, ResearchSpace@Auckland. 108 p. https://hdl.handle.net/2292/69287** **ABSTRACT** Environmental education is increasingly important worldwide as complex environmental challenges continue to emerge. Aotearoa-New Zealand is not exempt from this, with extreme weather events, ecosystem pressures and disconnection from place all contributing to the low awareness and optimism in children regarding environmental issues. In addition, children’s agency in relation to the environment is still narrowly perceived, meaning their participation is often overlooked or excluded. It has long been recommended that opportunities to participate in environmental education must increase to address these issues. Environmental education inherently interweaves multiple knowledges, aiming to equip students with the skills and knowledge required to engage in pro-environmental behaviours actively. With growing evidence that artistic inquiry provides in-depth pathways to build awareness, knowledge and understanding of the world around us, there is an opportunity to explore how arts education might be woven into environmental education. This amalgamation can support children to be seen as active participants in the world whose unique views and experiences are integral in understanding and working with environments, local and global. This research investigates the role of drama and the arts in environmental education and their potential to support child agency. This thesis presents case study examples from the three schools on Aotea Great Barrier Island, collected through a co-designed participatory action research project, Toitū te Ngahere: Art in Schools for Forest Health, throughout 2023. Through child-led art projects, the students and teachers from Te Kura o Okiwi, Kaitoke School and Mulberry Grove engaged in an in-depth inquiry into ngahere ora (forest health), focusing on place-based learning. My core contribution was in the inclusion of drama to the arts-based practice used in the TTN project. Engagement with the schools assisted in creating narratives of learning that helped analyse observational data and focus groups with the students. This analysis revealed that students' and teachers' engagement with drama throughout Toitū te Ngahere positively influenced participation in environmental education and built embodied awareness of place and related issues. Broader learnings arose about the benefits of varied participation in artistic inquiry and the enhanced potential of drama for both student and teacher engagement and learning when expanded into/interwoven with other media.
RA1.4 THESIS: Drama in Environmental Education
###Mai i te Pū ki te Wānanga: Interpreting Synchronistic Meaning Through a Wānanga Methodology### **April 2023** **Matamua N, Moriarty TR, Tassell-Matamua N. 2023. [Mai i te Pū ki te Wānanga: Interpreting Synchronistic Meaning Through a Wānanga Methodology.](https://addletonacademicpublishers.com/files/2754/Matamua/2709/5-Matamua-et-al.pdf) Knowledge Cultures 11(1): 84 - 97. ** **ABSTRACT** Making sense of synchronistic meaning between seemingly unrelated events is normalised within a Māori cultural context. However, westernised methodological approaches to exploring such phenomena are not so. Wānanga methodology, as applied through the dissemination of the concept of wānanga, offers a relevant, customised and culturally appropriate approach to facilitating interpretation and knowledge generation related to researching meaning between synchronistic events. Wānanga is a multifaceted, holistic approach derived from a Māori cosmological and ontological perspective that validates naturally inherent processes in connecting people to phenomena. Through these connections, we can interpret our interconnected relationships between events, objects and places to draw insight into their deeper meaning. Therefore, wānanga methodology extends our understanding of reality and how it can be interpreted. It further highlights the importance of Indigenous methodologies in offering new and innovative ways to explain and elicit meaning about the world. **KEYWORDS** wānanga; Māori; ontology; cosmology; methodology; whakapapa
RA1.1 PAPER: Interpreting Synchronistic Meaning Through Wānanga
###Mauri Hono: A Mauri sensory methodology### **August 2024** **Apiti A, Kora A, Tassell-Matamua N, Moriarty TR, Matamua N, Lindsay N, Dell K, Pomare P, de la Torre Parra L, & Baikalova N. 2024. [Mauri Hono: A Mauri sensory methodology](https://doi.org/10.1177/20597991241263379). Methodological Innovations, 17(3), 135-146. ** **ABSTRACT** Within a Māori cultural context, the manifestation of mauri instilled in all living things, both animate and inanimate gives life. Previous research suggests Māori can experience somatic exchanges of energy such as mauri from both other people, as well as within the natural environment. Accordingly, Mauri Hono: A Mauri Sensory Methodology provides a foundation to understanding knowledge by tuning into our senses and using mauri states to help elicit meaning about ourselves and our relationships with natural environments when immersed in those environments. In this study, four key phases of the methodology are detailed; Rongo, Mōhio, Mārama and Mātau and applied to a case study which sought to understand how Māori draw meaning from their experience of being immersed in a natural environment. Ten participants undertook a hīkoi (walk) within a national forest park of regenerating, native, bush. Findings revealed the importance of tuning into one’s senses and having the time and space to interpret different experiences. Furthermore, Mauri Hono, as a Māori methodology is predicated on the belief that experiential knowledge aids in providing a more complete understanding of phenomena than theoretical knowledge alone. It further highlights that whilst knowledge can come into fruition within the timeframe of the project, there is opportunity for insights to arise afterwards, comprising various layers of knowing. **KEYWORDS** Māori; Indigenous methodology; cosmology; Mauri; environmental connection
RA1.1 PAPER: Mauri Hono: A Mauri sensory methodology
###Framing Complex Environmental Issues: A Case Study Of Kauri Dieback Management In New Zealand Print Media### **July 2023** **Christensen I. 2022. [Framing Complex Environmental Issues: A Case Study Of Kauri Dieback Management In New Zealand Print Media.](https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/2292/64523/Christensen-2022-Thesis.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y) Unpublished MEnvSc. thesis, University of Auckland. ** **ABSTRACT** This thesis examines how media, specifically online journalism, communicates complex socio-environmental issues using the example of kauri dieback in New Zealand. Analysis of online media coverage of kauri dieback management, particularly the closure of tracks, was undertaken using a mixed methods approach, including automated and manual content analysis, and interviews with journalists. Multiple factors, including access to sources, commercial motives, editorial selection and journalist values, were found to contribute to the representation of kauri dieback track closures. In addition, commercial pressures were found to lead to the simplification of coverage in mainstream media, limiting the inclusion of Indigenous Māori perspectives.
SP2 THESIS: Framing Complex Environmental Issues
###Te mauri o te Kauri me te ngahere - The vital essence & life-force of the Kauri and the Native Forest### **July 2021** **Pomare P. 2021. Te mauri o te Kauri me te ngahere. ArcGIS Online, Centre for Indigenous Psychologies, Massey University.** **ABSTRACT** Ko te Kauri he rākau rongonui, he rākau rangatira puta noa i Te Tai Tokerau. The Kauri (Agatha australis) is a chiefly tree that represents strength. It is seen as an iconic symbol for Te Tai Tokerau - Northland, Aotearoa New Zealand. This storymap documents kōrero (discussions/interviews) with whānau based in the Hokianga, Te Hiku o Te Ika (Far North) and Waipoua forest. Ten participants including six wāhine (women) and four tāne (men) shared their whakaaro (thoughts) about Kauri, the ngahere (forest), taiao (natural environment) and the connection with hauora (health and wellbeing).
RA1.1 STORYMAP: Te mauri o te Kauri me te ngahere
###'Pūrākau o te Ngahere’: Indigenous Māori Interpretations, Expressions and Connection to Taonga Species and Biosecurity Issues### **April 2023** **Erueti B, Tassell-Matamua N, Pomare P, Masters-Awatere B, Dell K, Te Rangi M, Lindsay N. 2023. ['Pūrākau o te Ngahere’: Indigenous Māori Interpretations, Expressions and Connection to Taonga Species and Biosecurity Issues](https://addletonacademicpublishers.com/files/2752/Eureti/2707/3-Erueti-et-al.pdf). Knowledge Cultures 11(1): 34–54. ** **ABSTRACT** The utility of mātauranga Māori (Māori knowledges) in Aotearoa|New Zealand Forest conservation is not particularly visible in research and policy. Indeed, current forest biosecurity processes are largely constructed from Western principles, values and scientific knowledge that are often devoid of Māori beliefs and values. While the interface between mātauranga Māori and mainstream science is still problematic, we argue that traditional Māori frameworks, ethics, and principles that capture local interests, perspectives, realities, and aspirations of Māori are mandatory to articulate modern solutions to taonga species and biosecurity issues. A mātauranga Māori approach draws upon physical, spiritual, and metaphysical values, providing a unique knowledge base in which to improve environmental management, including protection of biological heritage. By employing a pūrākau (storying) method that endorses personal lived realities as a means of knowledge transfer, we were able to elicit the meaning and value our participants give to te taiao (the environment), ngahere (forests) and taonga (heritage) species. We conclude that mātauranga Māori is a necessary discourse if the longer-term biosecurity strategic goals of Māori and the government are to effectively and efficiently result in collaborative priorities in forest health. **KEYWORDS** Māori knowledge systems; pūrākau; taonga species; biosecurity; forest health
RA1.1 PAPER: Taonga Species and Biosecurity Issues
###Indigenous Knowledge Revitalisation: Indigenous Māori Gardening and its Wider Implications for the People of Tūhoe### **April 2023** **Tassell-Matamua N, Boasa-Dean T, McEntee M. 2023. [Indigenous Knowledge Revitalisation: Indigenous Māori Gardening and its Wider Implications for the People of Tūhoe.](https://addletonacademicpublishers.com/files/2755/Tasell/2710/6-Tassell-Matamua-et-al.pdf) Knowledge Cultures 11(1): 98-114. ** **ABSTRACT** The revitalisation of Indigenous knowledges is vital to the emancipation of Indigenous peoples worldwide, as well as an increasingly essential component of environmental sustainability. The re-establishment of traditional communal gardening practices and their associated rituals is part of such revitalisation efforts in Aotearoa|New Zealand. We document recent efforts to re-establish the knowledge and practice of communal gardens and the related ritual of māra tautāne in an Indigenous Māori community – Te Māhurehure – in the Rūātoki Valley, Bay of Plenty, Aotearoa|New Zealand. We discuss that, beyond food provision, such revitalisation has a concentric influence of revitalising a range of other Indigenous knowledges for this community. **KEYWORDS** Indigenous knowledges; communal gardening; māra kai; māra tautāne; Ngai Tūhoe; Rūātoki; Te Māhurehure; land confiscation; cultural revival
RA1.1 PAPER: Indigenous knowledge revitalisation
###Kaurilands Summit 2021### Over 120 attendees representing community groups, iwi, research organisations, councils and government agencies came together online for the inaugural Kauriland Summit in June 2021. The Summit was split into three distinctive sections to reflect BioHeritage’s priority areas: Whakamana, Tiaki and Whakahou (Empower, Protect and Restore). Each of the seven Ngā Rākau Taketake research themes were introduced with a video, crafted by a team led by Ngāriki Ngatae, the talented director of the award-winning short film Te Wao Nui. Following each video, the Theme and Pou (Te Whakahononga) researchers engaged in a lively discussion session with the audience and session chair. **NOTE:** The video links provided below are for the video shared during the webinar session. **PROGRAMME:** 00:00 Mihimihi and karakia – welcoming address and introduction 04:33 Cross-Theme Pou: Te Whakahononga 46:11 Whakamana / Empower – Introduction 49:00 Theme 1: Oranga ([Oranga Video Link](https://data.bioheritage.nz/dataset/theme_1_oranga/resource/253d997b-27c9-45aa-a5f0-4d6010a60aa4)) ###1:12:43 Theme 2: Mobilising for Action ([Mobilising for Action Video Link](https://data.bioheritage.nz/dataset/theme_2_mfa/resource/dd73d68b-f26b-45f6-96ea-32936405c1e1)) ### 1:27:48 Tiaki / Protect – Introduction 1:30:56 Theme 3: Risk Assessment & Ecosystem Impacts ([Risk Assessment Video Link](https://data.bioheritage.nz/dataset/risk-assessment-ecosystem-impacts/resource/cfef5afa-8148-4e92-b1b2-b1fed83d9da9)) 2:07:16 Theme 4: Integrated Surveillance ([Integrated Surveillance Video Link](https://data.bioheritage.nz/dataset/integrated-surveillance-theme-4/resource/e568ad25-053e-4795-88e6-da6af9142622)) 2:24:24 Theme 5: Control, Protect, Cure ([Control, Protect, Cure Video Link](https://data.bioheritage.nz/dataset/control-protect-cure/resource/17557ad6-0a43-463b-8f2f-040bfcc7c337)) 2:48:34 Whakahou / Restore – Introduction 2:50:20 Theme 6: Host, Pathogen & Environment ([Host, Pathogen & Environment Video Link](https://youtu.be/DL6gizg0Y2M)) 3:06:00 Theme 7: Conservation & Restoration ([Conservation & Restoration Video Link](https://youtu.be/6KH-aMEThkU)) 3:24:20 Concluding remarks and karakia Videos for each of the research Themes and Pou can be found on our YouTube channel in the Kaurilands Summit 2021 Playlist.
###Kauri Park School - Art in schools for forest health Container Art Project 2023### **October 2023** **Thomas K. 2023. Kauri Park School - Art in schools for forest health Container Art Project 2023.** **ABSTRACT** Kauri Park School Container Art project is an exploration into how art making, in particular graphic drawing and graffiti art, can be used to express and encourage children’s learning on ngahere ora (forest health) specific to the pathogens kauri dieback (*Phytophthora agathidicida*) and myrtle rust (*Austropuccinia psidii*) two pathogen species affecting native forests in Aotearoa New Zealand. This project followed on from the Mobilising for Action research project Toitū te Ngahere - Art in schools for forest health, that occurred in 2022. This project facilitated a child led enquiry into ngahere health. It followed the subsequent interest of teachers and students in the closure of their local Kauri Park Reserve as a result of kauri dieback.
RA1.4 STORYMAP: Kauri Park School Container Art
###Kauri Rescue: Community Engagement In A Citizen Science Biosecurity Project### **September 2023** **McEntee M. 2023. Kauri Rescue: Community Engagement In A Citizen Science Biosecurity Project. 75 p. ** **ABSTRACT** As part of a new tranche of funding provided to Kauri Rescue through the Biological Heritage National Science Challenge, within the Ngā Rākau Taketake – Saving our Iconic Trees programme, this report summarises a forensic analysis of Kauri Rescue’s community engagement over the five-year period from its commencement in January 2017 through until May 2023 including: ● Three years as a citizen science research project ● One year as an unincorporated community organisation ● Almost 1.5 years as a charitable trust This analysis uses Kauri Rescue’s own community engagement data and has the objective of searching for patterns and trends that could inform both Kauri Rescue’s ongoing development and the formation of similar community organisations that could address other biosecurity issues. There is already significant community engagement in biosecurity issues such as invasive predator control, however with increasing and emerging biosecurity threats the Kauri Rescue model could be an effective, widespread and rapid community response to other biosecurity issues including, for example, myrtle rust or possibly even *Caulerpa* seaweed.
REPORT: Kauri Rescue Community Engagement
Mobilising for Action is a research theme of the Biological Heritage National Science Challenge, Ngā Rākau Taketake programme. We are researching the human dimensions of ngahere / forest health in Aotearoa / New Zealand and more specifically the people and communities affected by, or at risk of being affected by kauri dieback and myrtle rust. In this website we share our research and our stories, and introduce our social science team undertaking research that supports, engages and empowers New Zealanders to protect the ngahere for future generations. Ka whāngaia, ka tipu, ka puāwai Nurture, grow, blossom
###Developing methods of knowledge co-production across varying contexts to shape Sustainability Science theory and practice### **February 2023** **Maclean K, Greenaway A, Grünbühel C. 2022. [Developing methods of knowledge co-production across varying contexts to shape Sustainability Science theory and practice.](https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11625-022-01103-4.pdf) Sustainability Science 17(2): 325-332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-022-01103-4** **ABSTRACT** A special feature editorial for Innovative Partnerships and Methods for Knowledge Co-Production to Support Indigenous Cultural and Environmental Management. **KEYWORDS** Sustainability Science; Knowledge co-production; Indigenous rights; Data sovereignty; Structural change; Empowering partnerships; Cultural and natural systems; Knowledge action systems; Innovative methods; Global environmental governance
RA2 EDITORIAL: Developing methods of knowledge co-production
###Neoliberal Knowledge Production in Aotearoa New Zealand: Confronting Kauri Dieback and Myrtle Rust### **April 2023** **Ehler K-S, Addison C, Grant A, Finlay-Smits S. 2023. [Neoliberal Knowledge Production in Aotearoa New Zealand: Confronting Kauri Dieback and Myrtle Rust](https://addletonacademicpublishers.com/files/2763/Ehler/2718/14-Ehler-et-al.pdf). Knowledge Cultures 11(1): 282-306. ** **ABSTRACT** The detection of kauri dieback and myrtle rust pathogens in Aotearoa|New Zealand prompted the government to fund research and engagement into what has been constructed both as a biosecurity risk and a threat to species of profound cultural significance. Researchers, iwi, public sector staff and community members are now working across projects and locations to build an understanding of these two plant pathogens and to develop protections for the trees they target. This paper combines interview material from two projects within Ngā Rakau Taketake’s Postcolonial Biosecurity Possibilities remit to investigate the factors that enable and constrain plant pathogen research and practice. Actors in this space discuss the difficulty of working around gaps in basic research, a fragmented and competitive research sector, and expectations of a technological fix for a complex pathogen and its varied ecological relations. We argue that these accounts illustrate the ongoing effects of Aotearoa’s neoliberal turn, which continues to shape knowledge production and, in turn, what it is to be a researcher in Aotearoa. While the effects of these reforms have been well documented in relation to higher education and other spheres, their impact on the sciences has received less scrutiny. Foregrounding the views of those involved in kauri dieback and myrtle rust highlights the everyday manifestations and material environmental consequences of a pervasively neoliberalised research landscape. **KEYWORDS** neoliberalism; techno-solutionism; kauri dieback; myrtle rust; knowledge production; relational values; Aotearoa New Zealand
RA2.4 PAPER: Neoliberal Knowledge Production
###Kauri K9s### **August 2022** **Ng WQ. 2022. Kauri K9s. YouTube, Auckland Council. ** Included in Auckland Council’s defences against kauri dieback are trained sniffer dogs. These dogs can accurately detect the microscopic pathogen (phytophthora agathidicida) that causes kauri dieback and they can efficiently check footwear and search the equipment and materials used to create walking tracks. They also inspect nurseries, and plants before they are transported into kauri forested areas.
###Toi Taiao Whakatairanga: Tukanga: Processes of Navigating the Interface between Art Curation/Research, Forest Ecologies and Māori Perspectives### **April 2023** **Harvey M, Mullen M, Waipara W, Jerram S, Craig-Smith A, McBride C. 2023. [Toi Taiao Whakatairanga: Tukanga: Processes of Navigating the Interface between Art Curation/Research, Forest Ecologies and Māori Perspectives.](https://addletonacademicpublishers.com/files/2756/Harvey2/2711/7-Harvey-et-al.pdf) Knowledge Cultures 11(1): 115-135. ** **ABSTRACT** What processes are involved in navigating the interface between mātauranga Māori/Māori knowledge frameworks, Western arts, and science perspectives when working to raise public awareness of the plant diseases kauri dieback and myrtle rust? This paper explores how our collaborative project, Toi Taiao Whakatairanga (uplifting the environment through the arts), attempts to do this, focusing on what we have learned about our tukanga (processes). Our project consists of a mixed group of Māori and Pākehā, curators, arts researchers, social scientists and a biological scientist. We are commissioning Māori artists to respond to the ecological threats of kauri dieback and myrtle rust and to encourage public awareness in some form. Underlying the project are the aims to generate new understandings of how the arts can support mana motuhake (self-determination) for Māori and communities in relation to these plant pathogens. **KEYWORDS** arts; mātauranga Māori; whakawhanaungatanga; ecology
###What Does The Ideal Forest Biosecurity System Look Like?### This visual graphic was developed for a policy workshop with Auckland Council to outline concerns community had raised about how they would like to be included in biosecurity management for kauri dieback. The research found that when community is excluded, or feel excluded, this develops counter publics and Council are seeing a growing rise in counter publics. The research indicated effective communication could assist in limiting counter publics from developing. For more details about this research and resources please see: https://www.mobilisingforaction.nz/research-ra2-3/#resources
RA2.3 GRAPHIC: What Does Forest Biosecurity Look Like?
###Park Rangers and Science-Public Expertise: Science as Care in Biosecurity for Kauri Trees in Aotearoa/New Zealand### **January 2023** **McEntee M, Medvecky F, MacBride-Stewart S, Macknight V, Martin M. 2023. [Park Rangers and Science-Public Expertise: Science as Care in Biosecurity for Kauri Trees in Aotearoa/New Zealand.](https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11024-022-09482-9.pdf) Minerva. ** **ABSTRACT** Park rangers hold a unique set of knowledge—of science, of publics, of institutional structures, of place, and of self—that should be recognised as valuable. For too long, models of the knowledge of scientists and publics have set people like rangers in an inbetweener position, seeing them as good at communicating, translating or negotiating from one side to the other, but not as making knowledge that is powerful in its own right. In this paper we argue that focus groups with park rangers across regional and conservation parks in Aotearoa/New Zealand reveal the complexity and multiplicity of rangers’ knowledge-making that shows the science-public model as incomplete. We argue further that the model is flawed for its focus on the making and holding of knowledge and not also on how it is enacted. Rangers, we argue, are responsible every day for making knowledgeable decisions for the health and well-being of parks and people. Making good decisions, though, requires not just knowledge but also care. An understanding of the many ways rangers know and enact their knowledge is important for biosecurity practice, especially in models of adaptive governance. **KEYWORDS** Biosecurity; Kauri dieback; Rangers; Expertise; Care; Adaptive governance
###Toitū te Ngahere### **March 2024** Mobilising for Action’s Toitū te Ngahere (TTN) project partnered with five primary schools, in Auckland and on Aotea Great Barrier Island, to create children’s art projects to enhance both the children’s awareness of ngahere ora (forest wellbeing) and their own connections to the forest.
###Te Taiao & Being Māori: A korero with Mason Durie### **July 2021** **Kora A, Tassell-Matamua N. 2021. Te Taiao & Being Māori: A korero with Mason Durie. ArcGIS Online, Centre for Indigenous Psychologies, Massey University. ** **ABSTRACT** Funded by Mobilising for Action, and led by the Centre for Indigenous Psychologies , this storymap documents a kōrero between Tā Mason and his grand-daughter, Aorangi Kora. Sitting with her koro, Aorangi asked about his perspectives on the relationship between being Māori, te taiao, and well-being. The key messages from this kōrero are presented in four themes: Well being, Tāngata Whenua, Diverse Realities and Valuing Taiao.
###What We Do in Kauri Forests: Exploring the Affective Worlds of ‘High Risk’ Users of Vulnerable Forest Areas in Aotearoa | New Zealand### **April 2023** **MacBride-Stewart S, McEntee M, Macknight V, Medvecky F, Martin M. 2023. [What We Do in Kauri Forests: Exploring the Affective Worlds of ‘High Risk’ Users of Vulnerable Forest Areas in Aotearoa | New Zealand.](https://addletonacademicpublishers.com/files/2759/MacBride/2714/10-MacBride-Stewart-et-al.pdf) Knowledge Cultures 11(1): 184-204. ** **ABSTRACT** Public use and anthropogenic activity are recognised sources of damage and threat to vulnerable forest areas in New Zealand, but also globally, through the spread of pathogens on shoes, tyres and on the paws of their companion adventurers. User experiences of sensitive and spiritual forest areas, however, have not been fully examined, particularly for those who might be considered ‘high-risk’ users of these areas. Using in-place methods and in-depth interviews with these high-risk users of all types – from pig hunters to mountain bikers, dog walkers to runners, this study focuses on their use of Kauri forests for recreation, sport and other aspects of daily life and invites their reflections on how they might develop biosecurity and stewardship for their ‘community.’ As such, the study opens biosecurity management to the messiness and value-laden relationships and affects between users and Kauri forests. The themes of deep connection and loss emerged, challenging the stereotype of public users as facilitators of forest disturbance and wilful inattention. The forest users were not a homogeneous group, but they shared many commonalities. We argue that it is not necessary to overemphasise the impact of user differences from those of scientists and managers and that sometimes affective relationships to the forest are more significant than cultural factors in shaping recreational experiences and biosecurity responses. **KEYWORDS** biosecurity; recreation; kauri dieback; co-management; high-risk user
RA2.3 PAPER: What We Do in Kauri Forests
###Mobilising for Action ### **March 2024** Mobilising for Action researched the human dimension of ngahere/forest health in Aotearoa New Zealand and more specifically the people and communities affected by, or at risk of being affected by kauri dieback and myrtle rust. Over four years, 12 project teams worked to: - understand the meaning people attach to te taiao (the environment), ngahere (forest), and taonga (treasured) species; - explore people's connection, and how this can be fostered and supported to empower them to make a difference now and in the future so te taiao, ngahere, and taonga species flourish.
###Protecting New Zealand's Kauri Through Good Practice: Dog Walkers### **June 2022** **Ng WQ. 2022. [Protecting New Zealand's Kauri Through Good Practice: Dog Walkers.](http://hdl.handle.net/10523/13655) Unpublished Masters thesis, University of Otago, University of Otago.** **ABSTRACT** This research engaged with dog walkers to examine their experiences and practices within the kauri landscape. The aim of this approach was to ascertain what these dog owners value about kauri forests, how they behaved in these spaces, and lastly, their perspectives on biosecurity measures in stopping the spread of kauri dieback.
RA 2.3 THESIS: Protecting Kauri Through Good Practice
###He Taonga Kē Ngā Kaumātua: Kaumātua perspectives of te taiao, ngahere and taonga species### **May 2023** Presented by Mobilising for Action researcher Ariana Apiti as part of the Kaurilands Summit 2023, hosted by Ngā Rākau Taketake.
RA1.1 PRESENTATION: He Taonga Kē Ngā Kaumātua
###Toitū te ngahere lesson plans### **March 2024** **ABSTRACT** Toitū te Ngahere, the Arts in Schools for Forest Health project, was a collaborative research project involving university researchers, five primary schools and their communities, independent artists, scientists and mātauranga experts. The project set out to explore the ways in which the creation of arts projects can support children's, teachers' and communities' awareness, engagement and understanding of kauri dieback and myrtle rust. The lesson sequences presented here were developed at the end of the project, based on activities developed and led by a range of project collaborators. - **Part 1** invites students to learn about their local area and local ngahere-forest. - **Part 2** explores forests as habitats and ecosystems and the ecological and human ePects of kauri dieback and myrtle rust. - **Part 3** provides a guide and examples for designing an arts-based project responding to forest health issues relevant to your school and community. **NOTE:** For more details about this research please see: https://www.mobilisingforaction.nz/ra1-4-ngahere-ora
RA1.4 TOOL: Toitū te ngahere lesson plans
###Healing Fragmentation of Forest Biosecurity Networks: A Conceptual and Reflexive Mapping Analysis of Postcolonial Relations that Matter in Aotearoa|New Zealand and Cymru|Wales### **April 2023** **MacBride-Stewart S, O’Brien L, Grant A, Ayala M, Finlay-Smits S, Allen W, Greenaway A. 2023. [Healing Fragmentation of Forest Biosecurity Networks: A Conceptual and Reflexive Mapping Analysis of Postcolonial Relations that Matter in Aotearoa|New Zealand and Cymru|Wales.](https://addletonacademicpublishers.com/files/2760/MacBride2/2715/11-MacBride-Stewart-et-al.pdf) Knowledge Cultures 11(1): 205-233.** **ABSTRACT** Scientific biosecurity has become an important approach for managing the threats to Kauri trees and plant management in Aotearoa|New Zealand and Cymru|Wales, more generally. However, the conceptual apparatus of biosecurity does not make the relations and overlaps between people, knowledges or values visible in practice. This is particularly so for Indigenous Māori knowledge and ontologies, which are not yet fully integrated into this field. This paper has two aims. The first is to understand how the fragmentation of the biosecurity system concerning plant pathogens is reproducing colonial relations, while shaping biosecurity practices in new ways. The second is to use postcoloniality theory as an analytic tool to understand the role that local and Indigenous knowledge and ontologies play in the biosecurity system more globally. This lens is specifically turned on the social scientific understandings of biosecurity and used to analyse the relationships of others involved in the generation and use of biosecurity science for the protection of trees in Aotearoa|New Zealand and Cymru|Wales, analysing through the lens of social science, our interviews, and focus groups with them. Two places and ways of understanding postcoloniality are deliberately evoked so that postcolonial relations become the dominant lens for understanding how society and the environment have become dis/entangled in the biosecurity system in various ways. Some consistent clusters of biosecurity fragmentation can be identified along with the emergence of specific social and environmental relations that underpin shared aspects of care with/for trees and ecosystem conservation. This result demonstrates the impact that fragmentation could have on building a relational structure and ethics of biosecurity, linking communities, geographies, policies and values. Our conclusions echo the range of questions and relations at stake resulting from this fragmentation of biosecurity and show the role(s) that social scientists and Pākehā scientists can have in opening spaces for new postcolonial biosecurity practices to emerge. **KEYWORDS** postcolonial science; biosecurity epistemology; plant pathogens; Aotearoa|New Zealand; Cymru|Wales; social science
RA2.4 PAPER: Healing Fragmentation of Forest Biosecurity Networks
###Applying behavioural science principles to prevent the spread of kauri dieback### **April 2023** **Benson H. 2023. [Applying behavioural science principles to prevent the spread of kauri dieback](https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/bitstreams/3ff859c6-fbc5-4c1f-846b-77d2c256b5b1/download). Unpublished Masters thesis, University of Canterbury, University of Canterbury. 89 p. ** **ABSTRACT** _Study 1. Understanding the Role of Psychological Distance in Preventing the Spread of Kauri Dieback: A Path Analysis_ Psychological distance is a tool based on construal level theory, whereby the level of abstraction an individual imagines an event is related to the level of personal significance of the event. Interventions to reduce psychological distance have been used to increase climate change mitigation intentions. The current study extends this concept to managing kauri dieback and explores possible causal pathways for further investigation. _Study 2. Understanding the Drivers and Barriers to Preventing the Spread of Kauri Dieback: An Audience Segmentation Approach_ Background: Audience segmentation and driver/barrier analysis provide an important foundation for behavioural change interventions. The current study used Michie et al.’s (2011) COM-B framework to assess forest users’ capabilities, opportunities, and motivations for two behaviours linked to the spread of kauri dieback: boot cleaning and responsible track use.
RA2.6 THESIS: Applying behavioural science principles
###Kauri Dieback Prevention: Relational Values of Knowledge Producers### **September 2022** **Ehler K-S. 2022. Kauri Dieback Prevention: Relational Values of Knowledge Producers. Unpublished Master of Science thesis, Victoria University of Wellington, Te Herenga Waka—Victoria University of Wellington. 90 p.** **ABSTRACT** Researchers and knowledge producers play a key role in kauri dieback knowledge production. Whilst their scientific discoveries are well documented in literature, their personal experiences and stories of working on kauri dieback are not. Yet these experiences and stories give key insights into the factors that shape kauri dieback knowledge production, and provide an understanding of how the current kauri dieback research landscape is operating. This research thesis therefore aims to understand kauri dieback researchers through the lens of relational values, a subset of environmental values. Relational values emerge from the relationships between people and the natural environment and are useful for unpacking the relationship between researchers and kauri trees. Using semi-structured interview data from six kauri dieback knowledge producers this research finds that relational values shape and motivate kauri dieback research. Relational values are therefore inherent in science practices, yet there are forces within the current research landscape that stymie the ability for these values to manifest. This research finds that funding structures, fragmentation in the research space and the urgency of kauri dieback against Aotearoa’s postcolonial backdrop push-back on researcher’s ability to realise their values. In turn this results in researchers feeling burnt-out and frustrated. This research therefore argues the importance of relational values in future considerations of the kauri dieback research landscape to alleviate current tensions and challenges that researchers face in the space.
RA2.4 THESIS: Relational Values of Knowledge Producers
###Te Maara Tautāne### **February 2023** Learn more out about the Māra Tautāne through this e-book that was created for the unveiling ceremony. Also see: https://www.mobilisingforaction.nz/research-ra1-2/#resources
###Mobilising for Action: Introduction to the Special Issue### ###Harvey M, McEntee M. 2023. [Mobilising for Action: Introduction to the Special Issue](https://addletonacademicpublishers.com/files/2750/Harvey/2705/1-Harvey-McEntee.pdf). Knowledge Cultures 11(1): 9-18.### **Abstract** Mobilising for Action (MFA) is a transdisciplinary project consisting of social researchers and community knowledge holders and practitioners, largely situated in Aotearoa|New Zealand, but also including researchers from the United Kingdom who are investigating the social dimensions of ngahere (forest) health in Aotearoa|New Zealand. Our research focuses on the people and communities who are affected by or at risk of being affected by the plant diseases kauri dieback and myrtle rust.
PAPER: Mobilising for Action - Introduction to the Special Issue
###He Kākano Ahau: Exploring Everyday Engagement with Rongoā Māori and Well-Being### **2022** **Keats-Farr, L. (2022). He Kākano Ahau: Exploring Everyday Engagement with Rongoā Māori and Well-Being. Thesis completed in partial fulfilment of a Master of Arts in Psychology, Massey University., Massey University. p. 118 **ABSTRACT** Rongoā Māori is a holistic healing system based on traditional Māori beliefs and values. Although New Zealanders use rongoā to tend to health and well-being, it extends beyond this as a way of living in balance and connection to the world. Research about rongoā Māori has increased in recent years. However, the perspectives and voices of those who utilise rongoā Māori practices are currently limited in the literature. In addition, there is a lack of research into how New Zealanders utilise rongoā Māori practices in their everyday lives and the contribution of rongoā engagement to well-being. The current study explored the relationship between rongoā Māori engagement and dimensions of well-being as encompassed by Te Whare Tapa Whā. Two hundred and seventy-four participants took part in an online questionnaire that measured physical, psychological, social, and spiritual well-being and included open-ended questions for participants to provide their perspectives. The findings indicate that rongoā Māori engagement contributes to improved hauora, with significant findings for psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions of well-being. In particular, the relationship between rongoā Māori engagement and spiritual well-being was prominent and highly significant. This study also illustrated the significance that rongoā Māori has to the lives of New Zealanders beyond these aspects of well-being, contributing to enhanced connections to the natural world and cultural identity. These findings contribute to the sparse literature on rongoā Māori engagement and well-being and promote a holistic preventative approach to health and well-being in Aotearoa New Zealand.
###Mobilising for Action 2022 **June 2022** **Akariro Films. 2022. Mobilising for Action - Video for Kaurilands Summit 2022. YouTube BioHeritage Challenge.** **ABSTRACT** The ‘Mobilising for Action’ team are researching the human dimensions of ngahere health in Aotearoa, and more specifically the people and communities affected by, or at risk of being affected by kauri dieback and myrtle rust. This video directed by Ngāriki Ngatae (Akaririo Films) was screened at the online Kaurilands Summit 2022. This research programme is funded by Ngā Rākau Taketake, which is administered by New Zealand's Biological Heritage National Science Challenge | Ngā Koiora Tuku Iho.
###Mate Tipu Mate Rākau### **October 2021** Apanui-Kupenga F. 2021. Mate Tipu, Mate Rākau [Documentary]. YouTube, Toi Taiao Whakatairangi. **ABSTRACT:** Mate Tipu, Mate Rākau follows Department of Conservation Ranger Graeme Atkins (Ngāti Porou, Rongomaiwahine), as he reveals the rapid devastation that the airborne fungal pathogen myrtle rust is having on the East Coast. This documentary lays bare the distress and urgency felt by environmental kaitiaki in Aotearoa, as myrtle rust (Austropuccinia psidii) compounds an already precarious situation for threatened native species. The 9-minute documentary, produced and directed by videographer Fiona Apanui-Kupenga (Ngāti Porou) and her team at Te Amokura Productions, is one of the first creative projects commissioned by Toi Taiao Whakatairanga, a cross-disciplinary collaborative research project funded by the National Science Challenge/Ngā Rakau Taketake. The project integrates practices from the arts, science, and te ao Māori to raise awareness of biological threats to New Zealand’s ngahere, and wider ecological systems. **YouTube Link:** https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8IEAs3viVyE
###Public Rāhui and Road Blocks in Aotearoa: Navigating Iwi/Hapū Perspectives and Mana Motuhake### **November 2021** **Harvey M. 2021. [Public Rāhui and Road Blocks in Aotearoa: Navigating Iwi/Hapū Perspectives and Mana Motuhake](https://www.publicpedagogies.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/09Harvey2021.pdf). Journal of Public Pedagogies 6: 137-153.** **ABSTRACT** During the COVID-19 pandemic there have been wide-spread public debates over public access for walkers, cyclists and vehicles in relation to the land rights and the safety of iwi/hapu (Māori tribes and sub-tribes) in Aotearoa/New Zealand. This includes checkpoints or road blocks set up by iwi/hapu in rural areas to stop the spread of the pandemic (Harris and Williams, 2020; Ngata, 2020), and the ongoing rāhui or temporary ban on all forms of public access in regional conservation forests by Te Kawerau ā Maki iwi of Tāmaki Makaurau/Auckland to stop the growth of the ecological pest kauri dieback by visitors. This article reflects on the complexities of these bans by considering public responses to them, including settler politics, discourses of rights and freedoms, and white supremacy. Consideration is given to the perspectives of iwi/hapu themselves and contingent histories (for instance Te Kawerau a Maki, 2020). This is reflected on through mana motuhake (authority, self-determination and agency), alongside Te Tiriti o Waitangi (Māori per spectives of the Treaty of Waitangi; Orange, 1987; Walker, 2004) and mātauranga Māori (Māori knowledge).
RA1.3 PAPER: Public Rāhui and Road Blocks in Aotearoa
###Fragmentation and Values: Reflections on postcoloniality research in Aotearoa/New Zealand and Cymru/Wales### **June 2023** Presentation by Dr Sara Mac-Bride-Stewart, School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University PhD symposium, Amgueddfa Cymru / Wales, 29 June 2023.
###Indigenous Māori of Aotearoa (New Zealand): Environmental Identity, Rather Than Māori Identity Per Se, Has Greatest Influence on Environmental Distress### **June 2023** **Apiti A, Tassell-Matamua N, Lindsay N, Dell K, Pomare P, Erueti B, Masters-Awatere B, Te Rangi M. 2023. [Indigenous Māori of Aotearoa (New Zealand): Environmental Identity, Rather Than Māori Identity Per Se, Has Greatest Influence on Environmental Distress.](https://doi.org/10.1089/eco.2022.0053) Ecopsychology 15(2): 119-129.** **ABSTRACT** For the Indigenous Māori of Aotearoa New Zealand, the natural environment has traditionally been an essential source of sustenance, well-being, and identity. Contemporary Māori are situated within a particular sociopolitical history, which, among other systemic changes, has seen continued environmental degradation over time. Accordingly, Māori identity and engagement with and connection to the wider ecosystem have also undergone metamorphosis. Although literature suggests that the natural environment continues to have intrinsic value for many Māori, the impact of environmental degradation on traditional practices, well-being, and identity has remained largely unexplored in some academic disciplines, including Western psychology. In this study, an online questionnaire assessing observed environmental changes, and the relationship between Māori identity, environmental identity, and environmental distress, was administered to 314 Māori. Nearly three-quarters of participants reported witnessing negative changes to local ecology over time, and a decreased ability to engage in traditional environmental practices. Findings revealed a strong association between Māori identity and enhanced sense of environmental connection. Personal connectedness to the environment had the greatest influence on feelings of environmental distress. We discuss these findings in relation to the ongoing systemic and systematic forces that continue to perpetuate inequality and inequity for Māori. **KEYWORDS** Māori identity; Environmental identity; Environmental distress; Solastalgia; Environmental change; Indigenous psychologies
RA1.1 PAPER: Environmental identity influences distress
###Te Tukumate - The Pathogen### **February 2024** **Nathan D. 2024. Te Tukumate - The Pathogen [Documentary]. YouTube, Toi Taiao Whakatairangi** **ABSTRACT** Te Taiao Whakatairanga, a cross-disciplinary research project bringing together arts, science and te ao Māori to raise awareness of threats to the health of our ngāhere, specifically among people and communities affected by, or at risk of being affected by kauri dieback and myrtle rust. My work reflects on man’s role in catalysing ecological threats to biodiversity such as phytophthora agathidicida. It suggests that collectively we have yet to fully grasp the consequences of the current neo-liberal, hyper-materialistic socio-economic paradigm of mindless consumption and disregard of natural life systems. The work draws parallels between human and pathogenic behaviour and questions persistent base assumptions around human agency and extractive ideology in interactions with the rest of the natural world cosmos. The video incorporates one of my whākairo works 'Ngā Whētai o ngā Tūpuna' in reference to our accountability to our ancestors and descendants. **YouTube Video Link: https://youtu.be/H5whI8Kh8iQ**
RA 1.3 VIDEO: Te Tukumate - The Pathogen
###Positioning Research to Improve Tree-Biosecurity Relations### **April 2023** **Greenaway A, MacBride-Stewart S, Grant A, Finlay-Smits S, Ayala M, Allen W, O’Brien L, Martin M. 2023. [Positioning Research to Improve Tree-Biosecurity Relations.](https://addletonacademicpublishers.com/files/2761/Greenaway/2716/12-Greenaway-et-al.pdf) Knowledge Cultures 11(1): 234-259. ** **ABSTRACT** Management of biosecurity threats to forests and indigenous trees needs to address the legacy of colonising practices that have prohibited diverse knowledges from being included. This work is urgent and challenging in the context of mobile tree pathogens, investment in climate mitigation through tree planting and greater legal recognition of Indigenous rights and those of trees. While a transition towards shared, collective responsibility for trees and treescapes is compelling, its conceptualisation in practice remains underdeveloped. This is particularly the case when considering tree-biosecurity relations. This paper shows the positioning work a team of social scientists undertook to enable polyvocal imagining of biosecurity possibilities, which trees so urgently need. Situated in Aotearoa | New Zealand and Cymru | Wales, this team of social scientists engaged with colonising forces (of which social science is also a part) to position research for biosecurity and with trees. Presented here are their reflections informed by literature and document reviews as well as research team discussions. Released somewhat from the constraints of displaced ways of knowing human dimensions of trees by means of connecting with Indigenous (especially Māori) scholarship, the research project became more capable of connecting other relations too, between people and nature, knowledge and action, science and society, research and management. The relational approach developed widens the potential for tree-human relations and supports the creation of biosecurity knowledge, systems and practices, not through one but multiple worldviews. **KEYWORDS** relationality; values; trees; biosecurity; biodiversity; ethics; social; research; pathogens; positionality
RA2.4 PAPER: Positioning Research for Biosecurity Relations
###Relational Values of Kauri ### **June 2020** Te Au The Current - We Should Protect Kauri. Te Papa's Nature debate public response.
RA2.4 DATA SET: Relational Values of Kauri
###Meaning in Context. A sensory ethnography – He taonga kē te ngahere team Story Map### **June 2021** **Keats-Farr L, Tassell-Matamua N, Lindsay N, Matamua N, Baikalova N. 2021. Meaning in Context. A sensory ethnography – He taonga kē te ngahere team Story Map. ArcGIS Online, Centre for Indigenous Psychologies, Massey University. ** **ABSTRACT** One way to find out about the value and meaning people give to the ngahere, is to go along and experience it with them while they are in the ngahere! This form of experiential documentation is known as SENSORY ETHNOGRAPHY
###Toi Taiao Whakatairanga### **March 2024** Toi Taiao Whakatairanga was a research project looking at how public arts practice can cultivate and grow public awareness of, and positive engagement with, kauri dieback and myrtle rust through mātauranga Māori.
Toi Taiao Whakatairanga works with artists to explore public awareness around Myrtle Rust and Kauri Dieback and positive behaviours as kaitiaki, caring for and respecting the mana of our ngahere/forests.
###Te heahea me ngā toi, te hikohiko: Productive Idiocy, mātauranga Māori and Art-activism Strategies in Aotearoa/New Zealand### **June 2023** **Harvey M. 2023. [Te heahea me ngā toi, te hikohiko: Productive Idiocy, mātauranga Māori and Art-activism Strategies in Aotearoa/New Zealand.](https://academic.oup.com/jaac/article-pdf/81/2/228/51039015/kpad013.pdf) The Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism. ** **ABSTRACT** This article explores what it can mean to navigate notions of productive idiocy with aspects of mātauranga Māori (Māori knowledge), through some recent art-as-activism practices of the author, Aotearoa/New Zealand artist Mark Harvey. The works explicated include Waitākere Drag and Auau in the Te Wao Nui ā Tiriwa forest ranges and Productive Promises, which was part of TEZA (Trans Economic Zone of Aotearoa) in Ōtautahi/Christchurch. Avital Ronell’s Nietzschean-influenced perspectives on idiocy are drawn from in relation to Western and Māori perspectives, along with Roger Sansi’s work on idiocy as dissent. From this aggregation of epistemologies, it is proposed that idiocy can be productive through art as activism and that this can align with Indigenous Māori perspectives on playing the fool as a form of resistance and refusal. Examples of Māori concepts engaged with here include perspectives on relationship building, human relationships with forests and the environment, and sovereignty under Te Tiriti o Waitangi (The Treaty of Waitangi). These art-activism projects promised micro-attempts at making positive changes for the communities in which they were situated through performatively generated actions from a Māori perspective within the shroud of ongoing colonization and capitalism.
RA1.3 PAPER: Mātauranga Māori and Art-activism in NZ
###Guiding indicators for co-producing knowledge through enduring partnerships### **November 2023** Presentation by Dr Alison Greenaway, Dr Nick Park (Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research), and Dr Andrea Grant (Scion), at the Western Australian Biodiversity Science Institute, 10 November 2023.
RA2.4 WEBINAR: Co-producing knowledge via enduring partnerships
###Myrtle Rust - an alternative perspective### **March 2024** Using Māori narrative to explore an alternative perspective of myrtle rust. A video created by Mark Winter, The Sandman. An alternative link can be found [HERE](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qrA9gJ2rKbU)
RA1.1 VIDEO: Myrtle Rust - an alternative perspective
###Living with kauri dieback### **May 2023** **Bowmast N, Lindsay N, Grant A. 2023. [Living with kauri dieback. ](https://www.mobilisingforaction.nz/s/Living-With-Kauri-Dieback.pdf)** A visual summary of findings from a qualitative research study with bush users in Titirangi, exploring culture, values, attitudes and behaviour, plus their experience of kauri dieback and the local response. For more details about this research and resources please see: https://www.mobilisingforaction.nz/research-ra2-2/#resources
RA2.2 SUMMARY: Living with kauri dieback
###Interweaving Multiple Knowledges to Support Children’s Participation and Engagement in Biosecurity and Forest Health: Toitū te Ngahere### **April 2023** **McEntee M, Harvey M, Mullen M, Houghton C, Craig-Smith A. 2023. [Interweaving Multiple Knowledges to Support Children’s Participation and Engagement in Biosecurity and Forest Health: Toitū te Ngahere](https://addletonacademicpublishers.com/files/2758/McEntee/2713/9-McEntee-et-al.pdf). Knowledge Cultures 11(1): 154–183. ** **ABSTRACT** The arts, mātauranga Māori, and the environmental and social sciences might seem like unusual bedfellows for engaging children in biosecurity. But this article proposes that these diverse knowledges interwoven together in project activities can play an important role in facilitating children’s engagement in biosecurity issues. We reflect on our collective learning in a schools-based arts project, Toitū te Ngahere: Sustainability of the Forest and the Arts, which involved a transdisciplinary team from the Creative Arts, Social and Environmental Sciences, Education and mātauranga Māori, with partners from participating schools and local artists. We examine the contribution that different knowledges offer to children’s learning about, and engagement in, forest health management, focussing, in particular, on the plant diseases kauri dieback and myrtle rust. We illustrate our approach to interweaving knowledges by describing and reflecting on three project activities. We then examine the structural and relational barriers that both undermine and promote the interweaving of knowledges for fostering children’s participation in ngahere (forest) health. We argue that to effectively engage children in forest health requires a strongly relational, place-based approach to research and engagement that fosters bottom-up collaborative processes based on care and values and interweaves diverse knowledges in creative ways. How effectively this can be achieved depends on wider dynamics, including societal tensions between colonial norms, mātauranga Māori (Māori knowledge frameworks) and Kaupapa Māori (Māori customary practices); the level of engagement a school has with te ao Māori (the Māori world); aspects of curricula; and notions of time and strategies in teaching children. Our reflections from the first year of this project show that interweaving multiple knowledges into project activities can enrich children’s inquiry and lead to locally relevant action that is well suited to complex socio-environmental issues. **KEYWORDS** arts; Aotearoa; biosecurity; children’s participation; socio-environmental issues
RA1.4 PAPER: Interweaving Multiple Knowledges
Poster presented at the Kaurilands Summit. Whangārei, New Zealand, 9 - 12 May 2023.
###Artistic practice, public awareness, and the ngahere: art–science–Indigenous Māori collaborations for raising awareness of threats to native forests### **November 2023** **Mullen M, Jerram S, Harvey M, Waipara N, Athena C. 2023. [Artistic practice, public awareness, and the ngahere: art–science–Indigenous Māori collaborations for raising awareness of threats to native forests.](https://ecologyandsociety.org/vol28/iss4/art13/ES-2023-14479.pdf) Ecology and Society 28(4). ** **ABSTRACT** We build a rationale for a nuanced approach to raising public awareness of ecological threats through interweaving art, science, and Mātauranga Māori (Indigenous Māori knowledge). The thinking we present emerges from the first phase of a transdisciplinary project, Toi Taiao Whakatairanga, which explores the ways the arts can raise public awareness of two pathogens that are ravaging native trees in Aotearoa New Zealand: *Phytophthora agathidicida* (kauri dieback) and *Austropuccinia psidii* (myrtle rust). **KEYWORDS** Aotearoa New Zealand; arts practice; colonial science; ecological threats; Indigenous knowledge; public awareness
RA1.3 PAPER: Art-science-indigenous Māori collaborations
###He Taonga Kē Ngā Kaumātua: Kaumātua Perspectives of te Taiao, Ngahere and Taonga Species.### **April 2023** **Apiti A, Tassell-Matamua N, Moriarty T. 2023. [He Taonga Kē Ngā Kaumātua: Kaumātua Perspectives of te Taiao, Ngahere and Taonga Species.](https://addletonacademicpublishers.com/files/2751/Apiti/2706/2-Apiti-et-al.pdf) Knowledge Cultures 11(1): 19-33. ** **ABSTRACT** Māori cultural beliefs, values and practices are intimately connected to te taiao, the natural environment. While te taiao is of unique cultural significance, contemporary Māori live in diverse realities, so beliefs, values and behaviour cannot be viewed through a singular lens. Within Māori society, older Māori are often referred to as kaumatua, who are valued by their communities for the intergenerational transfer of knowledge and afforded respect and recognition. Consequently, kaumatua perspectives of te taiao, including how it has changed during their time and considerations for the future, are important for informing Māori understandings of the environment. **KEYWORDS** indigenous psychologies; Māori; environmental perspectives; Indigenous worldviews; taonga species
##Being Manuhiri - Resources for environment and recreation organisations### Several favourite walking, tramping, cycling, kayaking, and boating spots in Aotearoa NZ are now co-managed by Māori organisations and government agencies. These co-governance and co-management arrangements have been put in place through either Te Tiriti o Waitangi settlements, RMA relationship agreements, or special legislation. This means recreation and environment groups are getting more familiar with hapū and iwi aspirations for these places; are seeing changes in landscapes and management practices; and are learning more about the histories of these areas. Collaborative management creates new opportunities for recreation and environment groups to be involved in the care of the places they visit. More opportunities are also arising to foster appropriate relationships with tangata whenua. Both Māori and non-Māori are reflecting on what it means to be responsible manuhiri (guests and visitors) and how to best prepare to arrive with care and respect for these cherished places and their people. The resources below have been developed through research with Māori and non-Māori and are provided to support environment and recreation groups as they discuss and develop their understandings and practices for being responsible manuhiri. - Discussion guide for environment and recreation groups - Discussion guide for environmental organisations - Decolonising knowledge cards set - Principles for collaborating with Māori
###Living with kauri dieback### **May 2023** As shared at the Kaurilands Summit, Whangārei, May 2023. A poster (to accompany the booklet of the same name) which has been designed to facilitate discussion. A visual summary of findings from a qualitative research study with bush users in Titirangi, exploring culture, values, attitudes and behaviour, plus their experience of kauri dieback and the local response. For more details about this research and resources please see: https://www.mobilisingforaction.nz/research-ra2-2/#resources
###Engagement Beyond Inclusion: Reframing Citizen Science in Aotearoa New Zealand### **June 2024** **Larkins D. 2024. [Engagement Beyond Inclusion: Reframing Citizen Science in Aotearoa New Zealand.](https://researchspace.auckland.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/2292/68631/Larkins-2024-Thesis.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y) Unpublished Masters thesis, University of Auckland. 159 p. ** **ABSTRACT** Citizen science challenges the conventional notion of research as an exclusive domain of professional scientists, by fostering collaboration to actively engage members of the public in aspects of scientific research. It is widely used in the environmental area, where citizens contribute to greater understanding of the natural world. Citizen involvement can range from participants simply being data collectors for science research right through to some projects seeing citizens as collaborators and co-designers with their science partners. Whatever form citizen science takes, the endeavour allows participants to directly contribute to scientific advancement while simultaneously gaining knowledge and appreciation for the research process. However, as citizen science’s roots lie in Eurocentric ideals of Western science, it raises concerns about how well citizen science programmes resonate with culturally diverse and historically marginalised communities. This thesis therefore examines how citizen science might be inclusive of, and relevant to contexts which include Māori as participants, and to contexts where citizen science investigation has particular cultural relevance such as when working with taonga species. The research explored two cases that involved communities engaging in environmental research. The first case considered the context of Kauri Rescue, a citizen science project framed through a western science lens, which sees citizens collaborating with scientists to refine a treatment solution for kauri dieback, a disease devastating kauri - a taonga species, with considerable cultural significance. The other case considered the context of a Māori community of the North Hokianga in the Far North region of Aotearoa New Zealand (Aotearoa NZ), undertaking environmental research guided by Te Ao Māori values. These two cases enabled the research to explore community engagement through two different cultural lenses. To investigate the first case, the research applied a mixed methods approach involving an online survey and semi-structured interviews, to examine participants’ motivation for engagement and experiences of a citizen science project framed by Western science. To investigate the second case in the North Hokianga, a narrative ethnographic method was utilised through wānanga to understand how Te Ao Māori values could inform the practice of citizen science when working with Māori communities. The thesis reveals the significance of recognising and accommodating the diverse motivations and value systems of participants in environmental citizen science initiatives to cultivate sustained participant engagement and ensure project longevity. This thesis further found that while place attachment and values are intrinsic in the foundation of cultural identity for Māori, they are also of vital importance to Pākehā engaged in environmental citizen science initiatives. When working in Aotearoa NZ, citizen science projects must consider how to intertwine these values into the core structure of their initiatives to ensure their enduring viability and alignment with participant communities. This exploration of people’s experiences of engaging in environmental research through different cultural contexts, has enabled the research to inform how citizen science in Aotearoa NZ could be shaped by Māori values and therefore responsive to a more diverse Aotearoa NZ. Furthermore, it contributes to wider discussions in Aotearoa NZ about decolonising science.
RA1.4 THESIS: Engagement Beyond Inclusion
###Clashing epistemologies and contrasting injustice: an Aotearoa/ New Zealand case### **June 2024** **McEntee M, Harvey M, Medvecky F. 2024. [Clashing epistemologies and contrasting injustice: an Aotearoa/ New Zealand case.](https://jcom.sissa.it/article/1353/galley/2976/download/) Journal of Science Communication. Special Issue: Science communication for social justice 23(04).** **ABSTRACT** How, as researchers, do we recognise and address the implicit biases when engaging across multiple knowledge ecologies. In this paper, we consider the way historical and epistemic justice and injustice plays into our knowledge making when dealing with a specific issue: forest biosecurity. Specifically, we focus on the Aotearoa New Zealand context where knowledge making has been, and still is, dominated by a western paradigm, but where there is increasing discussion on mātauranga Māori (Māori knowledge) as a valid and valuable form of knowing. Drawing on the experiences of a transdisciplinary research programme that sought to examine the human dimensions of biosecurity aspects of the plant pathogens kauri dieback and myrtle rust, we approach our original question using the theoretical concept of epistemic injustice and draw on our experiences as a way to highlight instances and forms of epistemic injustice in the science-society relationship. We argue that the division of epistemic labour (into fields, disciplines, etc), and the ranking and assigning of relative epistemic credibility based on this division is a fundamental part of the western knowledge ecology which creates the necessary conditions for specific and potent forms of epistemic injustice. We contrast this by discussing how other knowledge ecologies, specifically mātauranga Māori, comfortably engages with a variety of knowledge and knowers and discuss the possibilities other knowledge ecologies offer. **KEYWORDS** Public engagement with science and technology, Science communication: theory and models; Social inclusion
RA2.3 PAPER: Clashing epistemologies and contrasting injustice
###Ko au te ngahere: Rongoā Practitioners and Kaitiaki perspectives on the value and meaning of the forest### **August 2021** **Maikuku, V., Masters-Awatere, B., Lindsay, N., & Tassell-Matamua, N. (2021). Ko au te ngahere – He taonga kē te ngahere team Story Map. ArcGIS Online.** **ABSTRACT** He Taonga Kē Te Ngahere is about better understanding the meaning and value Māori give to te taiao (the natural environment), ngahere (forest) and taonga (treasured) species. Environmental concerns and the role humans can play in addressing them, including matters of biosecurity, can only be approached after first understanding how we understand and relate to te taiao, ngahere and taonga species. Māori beliefs, values and practices are believed to be intimately connected to te taiao – the natural environment. They are grounded in an inherent understanding of the inter-relativity between humans, the ecosystem, the celestial spheres, and the entire universe. Māori are diverse, so beliefs, values and behaviours must take account of whānau, hapū, and iwi differences, as well as a range of other factors. Grounded in Kaupapa Māori, the project He taonga kē te ngahere aims to delineate these diverse realities and understandings of Māori as they relate to taiao, ngahere, and kauri and myrtaceae in particular. In doing so, this project and storymap provides an Indigenous Māori psychological perspective, which acknowledges Māori worldviews, into the biodiversity space in Aotearoa.
###Compliance with kauri forest protection in New Zealand’s regional parks: the mediating role of trust on local versus visitor populations### **September 2024** **Grant A, Lindsay N. & Benson HAN. 2024. [Compliance with kauri forest protection in New Zealand’s regional parks: the mediating role of trust on local versus visitor populations](https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-024-02293-6). Reg Environ Change 24, 144 ** **ABSTRACT** Realising behavioural change in long invested environmental practices is often difficult to achieve, especially when scientific understanding of the issues is still unfolding. Having confidence in one’s action requires knowledge that actions will be effective in improving environmental outcomes. Currently, we know little about the role of social trust in mediating complex and uncertain knowledge of environmental problems and the required actions needed to address them. In this quantitative study, we surveyed 472 users of endangered kauri forests in New Zealand to better explore the role of trust in relation to pro-environmental behaviours (PEB) designed to mitigate effects of the devastating plant disease, kauri dieback. Findings show uncertainty about the scientific knowledge of the issue, recommended actions and efficacy of proposed solutions significantly influenced PEB for both residents and visitors of forests; however, this relationship was partially mediated by trust, particularly among locals residing within 5 km of infected forest areas. These findings indicate the need for closer engagement with local residents to develop institutional and scientific trust in kauri dieback interventions. We outline activities that may help build trust and recommend new areas of research to support higher compliance with environmental protection initiatives. **KEYWORDS** Trust; Biosecurity; Protected area management; Pro-environmental behaviours; Scientific uncertainty
RA2.3 PAPER: Kauri protection compliance: locals vs visitors
###Mobilising for Action### **June 2021** **Akariro Films. 2021. Mobilising for Action - Video for Kaurilands Summit 2021. YouTube BioHeritage Challenge.** **ABSTRACT** We all have a role to play in biodiversity conservation, especially when it comes to protecting taonga species from invasive pathogens. Whether we recognize it or not, our survival as a human species is dependent on the survival of te taiao (the environment), and we have a duty of care to retain its mana and mauri. - But how are people connecting to te taiao? - What motivates people to care or act to save our taonga species? - How can people be empowered to make a difference now and in the future, to ensure the well-being of te taiao for the coming generations? This video directed by Ngāriki Ngatae (Akaririo Films) was screened at the online Kaurilands Summit 2021. This research programme is funded by Ngā Rākau Taketake, which is administered by New Zealand's Biological Heritage National Science Challenge | Ngā Koiora Tuku Iho.
**May 2023** Mobilising for Action focuses on the human dimensions of forest well-being, paying particular attention to how kauri dieback and myrtle rust are understood and acted upon. Poster shared at the Kaurilands Summit 2023.
###Te Mauri o te Kauri me te Ngahere: Indigenous Knowledge, te Taiao (the Environment) and Wellbeing### **April 2023** **Pomare P, Tassell-Matamua N, Lindsay N, Masters-Awatere B, Dell K, Erueti B, Te Rangi M. 2023. [Te Mauri o te Kauri me te Ngahere: Indigenous Knowledge, te Taiao (the Environment) and Wellbeing](https://addletonacademicpublishers.com/files/2753/Pomare/2708/4-Pomare-et-al.pdf). Knowledge Cultures 11(1): 55-83. ** **ABSTRACT** Ko te kauri he rākau rongonui, he rākau rangatira puta noa i Te Tai Tokerau. The kauri (Agatha australis) is a chiefly tree that represents strength and is an iconic symbol for Te Tai Tokerau, Northland, Aotearoa|New Zealand. This research was undertaken with whānau (kin group) participants based in Te Tai Tokerau to explore contemporary mātauranga (knowledge and wisdom pertaining to Māori, the Indigenous people of New Zealand) about the connection between the taiao (natural environment), ngahere (native forest), kauri and the hauora (health and wellbeing) of people. A summary of some of the key messages from participants is presented as four themes: 1) ūkaipō, the ngahere as a place of sustenance and renewal; 2) e kore te kauri e tū mokemoke, a holistic approach to caring for the forest; 3) barriers to caring for the forest and kauri dieback (Phytophthora agathidicida); and 4) transmission of mātauranga, the importance of sharing knowledge. Findings highlight opportunities for change and solutions that have the potential to enable the ngahere and health of people to thrive. This study illustrates how mātauranga Māori and Indigenous Māori psychologies can inform biodiversity approaches in Aotearoa|New Zealand, while also facilitating (re)connection with the environment. **KEYWORDS** Indigenous psychologies; biosecurity; forest health; taonga species; mātauranga Māori
RA1.1 PAPER: Te Mauri o te Kauri me te Ngahere
###Developing methods of knowledge co-production across varying contexts to shape Sustainability Science theory and practice### **February 2022** **Maclean K, Greenaway A, Grünbühel C. 2022. [Developing methods of knowledge co-production across varying contexts to shape Sustainability Science theory and practice](https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11625-022-01103-4.pdf). Sustainability Science 17(2): 325-332. ** **INTRODUCTION** *Special Feature editorial for Sustainability Science: Innovative Partnerships and Methods for Knowledge Co-Production to Support Indigenous Cultural and Environmental Management* Since the valuable contribution to Sustainability Science of the Special Feature: Weaving Indigenous and Sustainability Sciences to Diversify our Methods (WIS2DOM, Vol 11, Issue 1, 2016), knowledge co-production has become a central feature of many sustainability efforts. Global environmental governance networks (e.g., IPBES, Indigenous Peoples’ Regional Forum 2019, Forest Peoples Programme) and scientific research forums (e.g., Sustainability Science), call for representative and context-specific strategies for knowledge production (Zurba et al., 2021). Advocacy for Indigenous rights within academia and research institutions has resulted in part to structural change (in some countries) to ensure scientific enquiry protect Indigenous cultural and intellectual property, recognize Indigenous rights to data sovereignty and facilitate negotiated research agreements that stipulate benefit sharing. In Australasia, ‘Indigenous Research’ is now classified as a ‘research field’ which recognizes the unique attributes and contributions of this field of science and affords it much greater visibility (see ARC 2020).
RA2.4 PAPER: Developing knowledge co-production
###Addressing epistemic injustice: Engaging children as environmental communicators to support the long-term sustainability of forest ecosystems### **April 2024** **McEntee M, Thomas K, Mullens M, Houghton C, Harvey M, Craig-Smith A. 2024. [Addressing epistemic injustice: Engaging children as environmental communicators to support the long-term sustainability of forest ecosystems.](https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/8/3124/pdf?version=1712661522) Sustainability, 16 (8). 3124 ** **ABSTRACT** Closure of a forest for biosecurity purposes led to the marginalisation and disconnection of Year 6 children from a local forest of significance to them in Aotearoa, New Zealand. The marginalisation of children’s voices and concomitantly of their knowledge, ideas, and values from environmental issues can be viewed as an example of epistemic injustice, which manifests widely in the environmental area, particularly in relation to marginalised groups. To counter this marginalisation and promote epistemic justice, we explored how the creative arts involving a child-driven environmental communication project could foster children’s sense of agency by supporting the protection of a local forest affected by a tree disease. We show that the creative arts could facilitate the children’s meaningful engagement in environmental issues in a learning environment that fostered child-centric approaches that enabled children to express their visions for sustainable futures in distinctly unique ways that were relevant to them. Furthermore, enabling the children to participate as environmental communicators re-established their relationship with their local forest and re-balanced the power structures that had led to the children’s sense of marginalisation. The insights on how this child-centred relational approach can promote epistemic justice and provide a meaningful contribution to the long-term sustainable management of forest ecosystems has implications for other marginalised groups. **KEYWORDS** epistemic injustice; environmental communication; environmental management; biosecurity; power structures; participatory research; transdisciplinary research; mātauranga Māori; art-based practices; behaviour change
RA1.4 PAPER: Children as Environmental Communicators
###Walking, Sensing, Knowing: An Ethnography on Foot Around Forest Biosecurity Interventions in Te-Ika-ā-Māui### **April 2023** **Ayala M. 2023. [Walking, Sensing, Knowing: An Ethnography on Foot Around Forest Biosecurity Interventions in Te-Ika-ā-Māui.](https://addletonacademicpublishers.com/files/2762/Bianca/2717/13-Ayala.pdf) Knowledge Cultures 11(1): 260-281. ** **ABSTRACT** Walking has gained prominence in social sciences as a source of inspiration for scholarly narratives and methodological experimentation with embodied ways of knowing. Walking across biosecurity research facilities and declining forests has been an essential part of the fieldwork that informed my doctoral research and this article. My steps followed those of the experts in forest pathology or traditional Māori healing, involved in the research and management of microorganism-induced plant diseases in Te-Ika-a-Māui (Aotearoa|New Zealand). Whether we looked at the progress of phosphite treatments, the attempts to reproduce the infection within controlled settings, the fatal evolution of the disease in the wild, or the discharge of tree patients treated with an experimental rongoā, my companions directed my attention toward different aspects of a shared reality. This article discusses some of the ways in which biosecurity in Aotearoa is being shaped by the cohabitation of science and mātauranga Māori. Walking around, I argue that social scientists must adjust their pace and attune their methods to better account for increasing and overlapping socio-environmental emergencies. **KEYWORDS** biodiversity loss; indigenous knowledge systems; science stories; ethnography; qualitative methods; walking
RA2.4 PAPER: Forest Biosecurity Interventions
###Methodological sensitivities for co-producing knowledge through enduring trustful partnerships### **November 2021** **Greenaway A, Hohaia H, Le Heron E, Le Heron R, Grant A, Diprose G, Kirk N, Allen W. 2021. [Methodological sensitivities for co-producing knowledge through enduring trustful partnerships.](https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11625-021-01058-y.pdf) Sustainability Science (17): 433-447. ** **ABSTRACT** Indigenous ways of caring for the environment have long been marginalised through research methodologies that are blind to a range of ways of knowing the world. Co-production of knowledge across Indigenous knowledge systems and Western scientific approaches is receiving attention both internationally and within the science system in Aotearoa New Zealand. Addressing power asymmetries as part of the co-production process is also slowly gaining recognition. Those involved in knowledge co-production initiatives must support learning about different world views, ways of knowing and accounting for the environment, while also enabling learning of the many biases and assumptions built into methodologies. This deliberation is needed, so non-Indigenous researchers can form enduring trustworthy partnerships and contribute to co-production initiatives. Presented here are insights shared by a cohort of environment research practitioners who have been deliberating on co-production occurring across knowledge systems in Aotearoa New Zealand. Originating from analysis of interviews undertaken about relationships recreational groups have with Te Urewera (forested hill country in the North Island of Aotearoa New Zealand), this paper depicts a layered reflection on how non-Māori (primarily but not exclusively) across Aotearoa New Zealand are learning to be manuhiri (those being welcomed on arrival to a place by the Indigenous people of that place). As a contribution to this collective learning, a set of methodological sensitivities are proposed as support for research amidst changing relationships with places. Doing so we aim to contribute to reflexive and decolonising encounters with Indigenous approaches to environmental care. **KEYWORDS** Non-Indigenous; Manuhiri; Knowledge; Co-production; Environment; Conservation
RA2.1 PAPER: Methodological sensitivities for co-producing knowledge
###He taonga kē ngā kaumātua: Kaumātua perspectives of te taiao, ngahere and taonga species### **June 2021** **Tassell-Matamua N, Matamua N, Apiti A, & Lindsay N. 2021. He taonga kē ngā kaumatua – He taonga kē te Ngahere Team Story Map. ArcGIS Online.** **ABSTRACT** Funded by the Mobilising for Action theme, and led by the Centre for Indigenous Psychologies , this storymap documents themes that emerged from wānanga (purposeful discussions) held with a kaumātua group about their understandings of, and the varied influences on, the meaning and value of te taiao, ngahere and ngā rākau taonga (iconic trees).
RA1.1 STORYMAP: He taonga kē ngā kaumatua
###Relational Values of Myrtaceae### **June 2020** Te Au The Current - We Should Protect Kauri. Te Papa's Nature debate public response.
RA2.4 DATA SET: Relational Values of Myrtaceae
###Pro-Environmental Behaviour in Relation to Kauri Dieback: When Place Attachment Is Not Enough### **October 2022** **Lindsay N, Grant A, Bowmast N, Benson H, Wegner S. 2022. Pro-Environmental Behaviour in Relation to Kauri Dieback: When Place Attachment Is Not Enough. Society & Natural Resources: 1-19. ** **ABSTRACT** The iconic kauri tree of Aotearoa New Zealand is under increasing threat due to the plant disease kauri dieback, with human activity believed to be a high-risk vector for spread of the fungus-like pathogen. Although forest hygiene measures have been introduced, concern exists over shortfalls in public compliance, particularly among those who live near or in infected areas. This qualitative study takes a community case-study approach to investigate the barriers and enablers of pro-environmental behavior in relation to kauri dieback. Twenty-one members of the public residing in a locale heavily impacted by kauri dieback were interviewed. Several issues that may lead to noncompliance with measures to protect kauri were identified, primarily centered around themes related to system knowledge, certainty and trust. Understanding community social dynamics, as well as cultivating and maintaining public trust in scientific and resource management authorities, is an important element for generating and improving pro-environmental behaviour when uncertainty is high. **KEYWORDS** bIosecurity; kauri dieback; natural resource protection; pro-environmental behavior; social trust
RA1.1 PAPER: Pro-Environmental Behaviour for Kauri Dieback
###How do Scientists Understand Myrtle Rust?### **December 2023** Conversations with six myrtle rust experts from Scion, Plant and Food and Beyond Myrtle Rust Commissioned by Centre for Indigenous Psychologies, and He Taonga Kē Te Ngahere project funded by the Ngā Rākau Taketake Theme : Mobilising for Action.
RA1.1 VIDEO: How do Scientists Understand Myrtle Rust?
###Mai i te pū ki te wānanga. Exploring new ways of understanding biosecurity using wānanga as a methodology and method### **September 2023** **Kora A, Tassell-Matamua N, Matamua N, & Moriarty TR. 2023. Mai i te pū ki te wānanga. Exploring new ways of understanding biosecurity using wānanga as a methodology and method – He taonga kē te ngahere team Story Map. ArcGIS Online** **ABSTRACT** Used as both a noun and a verb, the term wānanga can be applied across many contexts. As a noun, wānanga is used to denote a place or space where higher learning occurs, but can also refer to specific lore or knowledge, as well as a particular person who holds certain knowledge. As a verb, wānanga is often used in reference to the act of discussing, meeting and deliberating. Less common is the use of the term wānanga for research purposes. This storymap provides an overview of how wānanga has been used as both a methodology and a method, to provide new ways of conceptualising and understanding biosecurity in Aotearoa New Zealand.
RA1.1 STORYMAP: Mai i te pū ki te wānanga
###Te ara o te moa: Patua te ngangara e kai ana i nga rakau taketake o Aotearoa### **June 2022** **Dell K, Komene TM, Tassell-Matamua N, Pomare P, Masters-Awatere B. 2022. [Te ara o te moa: Patua te ngangara e kai ana i nga rakau taketake o Aotearoa](https://www.journal.mai.ac.nz/system/files/Dell_1.pdf). MAI Journal 11(1): 6.### **NOTE:** This publication is in te reo Māori. **ABSTRACT** He taonga tūturu ngā rākau taketake o Aotearoa. Engari, ka matemate haere ētahi o ngā rākau taonga kei te ngahere, nā te ngāngara e kai ana, ko waikura mētera tētahi, ko mate kauri tētahi atu. Nō reira, ko te kaupapa o te tuhinga nei ki te kohikohi i ngā kōrero hei whakamārama atu i ēnei tū māuiuitanga o ngā rākau taketake. Ko te whakatakotoranga e whai ake nei, ka whai i ētahi pou hei kārawarawa i tēnei tuhinga. E whā ēnei pou; tuatahi—ko te whakamārama i te tikanga o te rangahau nei; tuarua—ka āta tirohia ngā mate e rua e ngau ana i te rākau; tuatoru—ka āta tirohia ngā kōrero tawhito mō ngā rākau o te wao, me te pātai, he aha ngā mātauranga Māori hei whāinga mā tātou ki te huarahi o te ora? Ko te tuawhā—ko ngā kitenga whakamutunga. Translation: The heart of this article demonstrates the Maori strategies to address native trees that are being attacked by pathogens. We discovered five strategies; pūrākau – storying telling, rāhui – restrictions, karakia – prayers, tohu – signs and mahitahi – working collaboratively. The strategies are centred from Matauranga Maori. Although each strategy carries its own particular characteristics, a major finding of the study the overall theme is interconnectedness. This relates to the fact that humanity are also of the oceans, lakes, rivers and forests. **KEYWORDS** karakia; kaupapa Māori; mātauranga Māori; pūrākau; rāhui; tohu
###Dots Mark the Spot### **July 2021** **Ng WQ. 2021. Dots Mark the Spot. ArcGIS Online, University of Auckland.** **ABSTRACT** On the footsteps of kauri forest users with bingo dabbers — a novel participatory mapping method with Aotearoa's park rangers. A storymap outlining research where, over the course of almost a year, researchers from the University of Auckland, University of Otago, and Cardiff University reached out to park rangers from various regional parks in Auckland and Bay of Plenty. Engagement with these individuals were carried out via four focus-group workshops — one for each regional park of interest. These four parks were besieged by the same biosecurity risks; however, one was living with existing infestation while the other three had not shown any signs of kauri dieback disease.
###Te Māra Tautāne: Revitalising a customary practice### **February 2023** **Tassell-Matamua N, Kora A. 2023. Te Māra Tautāne. ArcGis Online, Centre for Indigenous Psychologies at Massey University. ** **ABSTRACT** Te Māra Tautāne is a collaborative research project between hapū members of Te Māhurehure in the Rūātoki Valley, and researchers at the Centre for Indigenous Psychologies at Massey University and the University of Auckland - all based in Aotearoa New Zealand. The project team includes: Ms Teina Boasa-Dean, Ms Nessy Bryce, Mrs Huka Williams, Ms Lella Uatuku, Associate Professor Natasha Tassell-Matamua, and Dr Marie McEntee. The project team extend immense gratitude to Whaea Aporima Chapman and Ngarangi Chapman, as well as the production team at Lightshift Pictures . This Storymap was created by Natasha Tassell-Matamua and Aorangi Kora.